Browsing by Author "Lemma, Girma (Mr)"

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    The Influence of Educational Research on Educational Policy Formulation in Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-06) Techane, Frazier; Lemma, Girma (Mr)
    Educational policy formulation process in Ethiopia is not adequately informed by and reflective of research based evidence. This is largely due to limited interface between researchers on one hand, and public policy makers in the government on the other. The aim of this study was therefore to examine some research based evidence on the influence of educational research on education policy formulation in Ethiopia since 1994. This study employs qualitative design. The participants of the study were sixteen. The participants and the study area were selected using purposive sampling. The instruments for data collection were in depth interview and document analysis. Moreover to strengthen the study, different published and unpublished related literatures reviewed. Policies are usually based on evidence. There is reciprocal relationship between policy and research. Policy formulation is not an end in the continuum process but a means to an end as researches are needed to evaluate, modify or change the policy. Findings of the study show that there is little influence of Educational Research on educational policy formulation in Ethiopia. The paper identifies several factors responsible for this ineffective use of research results in influencing policy formulation which include inadequate research funds, political interference, poor quality and irrelevance of research outputs, inefficient communication and insufficient dissemination. Therefore, there is a need to promote co-existence between Educational research and education policy making process in Ethiopia. Researchers, research institutes and policy makers have to work together for the wider vision of the country and national competitiveness- ‘team work is necessary
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    Knowledge, Attitude and Practice About Local Environmental Sanitation Related to Health Addis Ketema Sub City, Addis Ababa City (House Hold Survey)
    (Addis Ababa University, 2008-06) Francis, Cheru; Lemma, Girma (Mr)
    Three billion people in the world are without proper sanitation today, and around 50% of wastes lie uncollected, polluting the environment and endangering health. The purpose of this thesis was to assess the Knowledge, Attitude and Practice of residents about local environmental sanitation related to health, Addis Ketema Sub-City, Addis Ababa Town A community wide descriptive cross sectional study was conducted in the selectee{ kebeles of Addis Ketema Sub-City on a sample of 374 residents. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice was assessed by pre-coded, pre tested structured questionnaire. In addition data were collected using open ended questions and observation check list. Data were collected after getting both written and verbal consent from concemed bodies such as officials of the sub-city and the study subjects. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 15.0 statistical software. The cumulative knowledge, practice and attitude of the respondents towards local sanitation were computed. Those who have good knowledge accounts (16%). On the other hand those respondents who have good practice and good attitude were (7.8%) and (15.8%) respectively. An association was done between cumulative knowledge and practice of respondents using Chi- square test. The test result showed that there is significant association (x2: p <0.05) between the cumulative knowledge and practice which probably be the gap that exists between their knowledge and practice level. The result also shows that the attitude of the respondents is better than their practice. Even though the awareness and attitude level of residents is relatively better tht;:m their practice, the cumulative knowledge, attitude and practice of the community is lower than expectation. Further research using a large sample size is required. In line with improving local environmental sanitation, intensive environmental health education about the risk of improper waste disposal to health should be given to the community. Lack of facilities to dispose and transport solid waste is found to be very low and critical. Therefore, collaboration is required between different stake holders to reduce the problem. Key words: Sanitation, wastes, Knowledge, Attitude and Practice
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    Learners and Academic Staffs' Environmental Knowledge, Attitude, Intention and Behavior (the Case of Adama University
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-06) Getaye, Atlabachew; Lemma, Girma (Mr)
    Environmentally speaking, Ethiopia is in poor health due to deforestation, degradation, excessive loss of fertile top soil, over grazing and waste disposal. The existing environmental problems manifest crisis of values, beliefs, knowledge and ideas. Despite the existing problematic reality, Ethiopian Education Policy and Environmental Policy give due regard to the well being of the environment and sustainable utilization of resources. Nevertheless, there is no available research done in Ethiopian higher institutions on whether students and academic staffs have promising environmental knowledge, attitude, intention and behavior. Besides, the relationships and linear predictive powers of environmental knowledge, attitude, intention and behavior are not studied in order to design a cohe~ent environmental education system. To examine the above issues, examinations of environmental knowledge, attitude, intention and practice were developed and conducted at Adama University. First year Business and Technical students and academic staffs were the target population, selected using stratified and simple random sampling. The findings reveal that both students and academic staff do not have low environmental knowledge. Similarly, their attitudes are neutral. ' Both groups also exhibit an infrequent habit of environmental practice activities. As to relationships of environmental knowledge, attitude, intention, and practice, they show positive relationships among one other, having differences in strength. Besides, learners and academic staffs environmental knowledge predicts their attitude, intention and practice, showing differences in explanation power. Thus, there is a need to arm the community of higher learning In particular and the public in general with the r~quired experiences and understanding of environmental knowledge, attitude, intention and practice in an integrated and holistic manner
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    Perception and Practice of Teachers in Continuous Professional Development in Five Sub-Cities of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-11) Gebreyesus, Tsion; Lemma, Girma (Mr)
    The purpose of this study was to explore primary school teachers) perceptions and practices of continuous professional development in primary schools of five sub cities in Addis Ababa) in which teachers and CPD coordinators were participated. The study was focused on teachers) perceptions of CPD activities as well as their perceptions about its implementation. In order to accomplish this purpose) the following research questions were generated: what is the effect of CPD implementation on the practice of teaching) what is the effect of CPD implementation on teachers professional development need) what opportunities did CPD created in schools & what factors affect CPD implementation. This study tooks a multi-methods approac~ i. e. quantitative and qualitative researc~ in which the data were collected through a questionnaire for teachers and focus group discussion with school CPD coordinators. It was concluded in the study that most respondents were appreciated opportunities for CPD and valued the benefits of CPD for teachers and for schools as a whole. In addition) with a higher percentage) it was showed that CPD is a means of career development. The results and information provided here would be valuable for anyone who is interested in) as well as for those who are responsible for an improvement and implementation of CPD
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    School Bullying The Case of Selected Schools in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-06) Abraha, Mehari; Lemma, Girma (Mr)
    The study investigated the prevalence ,the nature and attitudes of bullying among students in grades 11 and 12 from four selected schools in Addis Ababa based on convenience & ownership type namely Yekatit-12 & Medhanialem schools (Government owned), Holy Trinity(Faith based), Vision Academy(Private). A self report questionnaire was used to obtain data from a convenience sample of 450 students with the average age of 17.Two percent reported to have been bullied and bully others on regular basis. Nine percent had watched others got bullied since school had started this year. Almost half the respondents believed they were bullied for no particular reason while 10% of them were bullied because of their gender, their physical appearances (Height or weight).Religion and ethnicity had no or minimal relationship with bully-related experiences. Chisquare tests indicated impact of getting bullied to have no significant difference among school types .A one way analysis of variance yielded, Vision Academy, a private school, to have more bully-related experiences than the faith and government owned school types. The classroom and the way to/from schools had been reported to be the most susceptible spots for bullying. A two way analysis of variance had yielded a statistically significant relationship between school type and attitude towards bullying with large effect size (eta=.14) implying a faith based school to have more pro-bullying attitude. Students indeed had gone through the experience of bullying though it was not clear how distressful and hurtful the experience was and there were no mechanisms in any of the schools to channel incidents as they crop up