Browsing by Author "Kassahun Bogale"

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    Early Numerical Intervention Utilizing Ethiopian Gabat’a on Achievement and Motivation of Students with Mathematics Difficulties
    (Addis Ababa University , 2021-06) Kassahun Bogale; Alemayehu T/Mariam
    In the field of mathematics difficulties, there is an often-noted lack of researches. The present study investigated the effect of concrete fading numerical intervention utilizing gabat‘a on early numerical achievement and early mathematics motivation of primary school students with MD. Gabat‘a, the Ethiopian indigenous math game, has six holes, two storages, and stones/beads for playing in pair.In the present study, it was organized for dual purposes: for instruction and game. Children with MD exhibit multifaceted problems in comparison with their counter parts. These lead them to have long term educational problems. At 3 sites, 72 students with MD were screened using BANUCA and other screening tools. A method of quantitative experimental research utilizing pretest-posttest control group design was used in tandem with MANCOVA to analyze the data. The design used stratified randomization, taking gender, difficulty type, prior mathematics knowledge as a strata and then randomly allocated into: Experiment 1 entailed two groups, CIGO and control group; and experiment 2 involved three groups, AIGG, AIGO, and control group. The interventions occurred in total for 18 week, 3 sessions per week and 45–60 min per session. Then, a MANCOVA result shows that students with MD in both experiments exhibited significantly higher performance than control group on counting and number concept achievement, arithmetic achievement, and early mathematics motivation. However, students with MD in AIGG condition did not show significant performances than that of AIGO condition. In addition, the findings indicated that mostly gender, difficulty type, and prior mathematics knowledge did not play significant roles in achievement and early mathematics motivation. With respect to correlational results, within the addition and subtraction constructs, the correlation was highest, similar results were found in cross correlation as well. The multiple regression findings indicated that addition had a unique significant contribution for subtraction than counting. Moreover, a canonical correlation shows that early mathematics motivation positively influenced achievement of counting and number concept, but not for arithmetic. To recap, the CRA sequence utilizing gabat‘a is effective in teaching early numeral interventions for students who struggle in mathematics. This pattern of instructional intervention could be, robust techniques of counting and number concept and arithmetic teaching in the future, which integrated with classroom activities if teachers want to increase students‘ early numerical performance and early mathematics motivation. Practical implications, limitation of the study, and suggestions for future research in this area are provided.
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    Outcome of Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome Admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-01) Kassahun Bogale; Teshome Nedi
    Outcome of patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome admitted to Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Kassahun Bogale Addis Ababa University, 2017 Worldwide, coronary artery disease (CAD) is the single most frequent cause of death. Over seven million people every year die from CAD, accounting for 12.8% of all deaths. The objective of this study was to assess the treatment outcome and associated factors for Acute Coronary Syndrome (ACS) patients admitted at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH). A retrospective cross sectional study was conducted by chart review of patients who were discharged with a diagnosis of ACS during the period January 1, 2012 to December 31, 2014. Of 124 ACS patients who were admitted during the three years period, 90(72.6%) were diagnosed as STEMI. The mean age was 56.3 ±13.7 years. The average length of hospital stay was 9.77± 6.42 days. The average time from onset of ACS symptoms to presentation in the emergency department was 3.8 days (91.7 hours). In about 76 (61.3%) patients hypertension was the leading risk factor for development of ACS. 36.4% of ACS patients in TASH were either Killip class III or IV. Biomarkers were measured for 118(95.2%) patients. 79.2% of patients had ejection fraction (EF) of less than 40% and 29.2% had less than 30%. In-hospital medications include loading dose of aspirin (79%), anti-coagulants (77.4%), beta-blockers (88.1%), statins (85.5%), morphine (12.9%), and nitrates (35.5%). The in-hospital mortality was 27.4%. Predictors of in hospital mortality in TASH included age (P=0.042), time from symptom onset to presentation (P=0.001), previous history of hypertension (P=0.025), being Killip class III and IV (P=0.001), and STEMI diagnosis (P=0.005). Hence, based on the results the medical management of ACS patients in TASH was in line with the recommendations of international guidelines but in hospital mortality was very high (27.4%).