Browsing by Author "Jonse Bane Boka"

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    Financial Development and External Trade in Sub-Saharan Africa: are there Causality Relationships?
    (A.A.U., 2023-05-01) Yemisrach Lemma; Jonse Bane Boka
    The relationship between financial development and external trade has become the interest of many scholars. This paper then explores the causality between them. Using data from a sample of 42 sub-Saharan African countries, the researcher estimated the causality between financial development and external trade using a dynamic panel data model. The findings uncover that financial development has a positive and significant impact on countries in Sub-Saharan Africa's external trade after controlling for the lag of external trade, foreign direct investment, government consumption, and population. It means that financial development encourages external trade, and its contribution is currently significant in sub-Saharan African nations. Although there is a low level of financial access, financial depth, and financial efficiency in the study region, its contribution is paramount. Similarly, the external trade for the current year is statistically significantly dependent on the external trade for the preceding year in sub-Saharan African nations. Moreover, foreign direct investment and government spending have a significant positive impact on the region's external trade. Besides, our findings also indicate a bidirectional causal relationship between financial development and foreign trade. Therefore, it’s important to encourage Sub-Saharan nations to seek policies that will hasten the development of their banking sectors in order to increase their foreign trade, and it is also necessary to increase government expenditure on productive sectors and foreign direct investment to improve external trade.
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    The Role of Livestock in Poverty Reduction Among Ethiopian Households
    (A.A.U, 2020-07) Jonse Bane Boka; Pia Nilsson; Par Sjolander ; Alemu Mekonnen
    Farm households in developing countries often face low dietary diversity and high levels of malnutrition as their diets are dominated by a few staple foods. The literature tends to focus on crop diversification to improve diets and welfare of smallholders with less emphasis on the role of livestock diversification on diet variety and quality. Based on the Ethiopian Socio-economic Survey (ESS) and using a fixed effects instrumental variable approach, the current study analyzes the welfare and dietary diversity effects associated with livestock diversification. The findings reveal that livestock diversification and income from sales of livestock and its products play a significant role in improving farm households’ welfare and dietary diversity. Besides, access to markets contributes to variety in households’ diets. Thus, strategies that promote livestock diversification and improve market access could provide a viable pathway to reduce malnutrition and poverty among Ethiopian smallholders