Browsing by Author "Ibrahim, Adem"

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    An Inquiry to Transform Servant Governance in Ethiopia a Structural Equation Modeling Approach
    (A.A.U, 2020-12) Ibrahim, Adem; Teka, Tegegne (PhD)
    A remarked paradigm shift of Public Administration from Traditional Public Administration to New Public Management and recently to Governance approach has occurred. For more than a century the issue of state-society bifurcation, politics-administration dichotomy, and instrumental versus institutional perspectives are still the continued unsolved puzzles. The purpose of this study is to develop a pragmatic institutionalized ‘servant governance’ model of public administration through reconstructing, re-conceptualizing, and reinterpreting state-society bifurcation, politics-administration dichotomy, and instrumental orientations. Following post-positivist paradigmatic position, this study used Theory-then research theory building approach and Structural Equation modeling analytical tool for verification. 1200 cross-sectional survey data was used to develop and verify the proposed servant governance model and to examine the level of Government Performance, Citizens’ satisfaction, and Political trust. The model was tested and assured for its fitness towards the diagnostic assumptions, dimensionality, construct validity, and reliability. The study revealed that the overall level of government performance, citizens’ satisfaction, and political trust in Ethiopian public administration was significantly low. Servant Governance as higher order construct composed of nine first order dimensions theoretically sound and empirically validated. The newly constructed Servant Governance Model positively and significantly determine the level of political trust, with a path coefficient of 0.972 (t-value 19.199, p=0.000), performance, with a path coefficient of 0.90 (t-value 19.077, p=0.000), and satisfaction, with a path coefficient of 0.701 (t-value 16.628, p=0.000). The study concluded that the Servant Governance Model significantly explains and captures 94.4% of the variance in Trust; 80% of the variance in Performance and 48.4 percent of the variance in Satisfaction. Based on the findings and conclusions, this research suggests that restructuring governance through the verified ‘Servant Governance Model’ overcomes the limitations in previous governing models and results in high level of political trust, government performance, and citizens’ satisfaction.
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    Prevalence and Determinants of Tube rculousis Infection in Children in Bale Region
    (Addis Ababa University, 1989-05) Ibrahim, Adem; Pickering, Joyce (PhD)
    The determination ot t~e prevel ence of tuberculosis infection within age groups and the relation of lnfection to factors unde r study, i,e., previous BeG vaccination, raw milk consumption, and intimate exposure to cattle were evaluated in a cross-sectlcnal community-based tuberculin skin test survey, and case-control analysis of the relation of infection to the factors under study 1n Mendeyo Awraja, Bale region (south-east Ethiopia), in chi ldren 5 months to 15 years ot age. A ~urvey cons i st i ng of an interviev/, examination of BeG scar on the right shoulder, and tuberculin skin testing and reading was conductea on 1892 children, 1dentified by systematic household survey from ten randomly selected peasant Vl I lages in Mendeyo Awraja. Out of the total 1892 children surveyed 1002 (53%) were males and 890 (47%) were females. 1028 (54.3%) had a BeG scar and 864 (45.7%) had no BeG scar; the prevalence of tuberculosis infection in these groups was 11 . 8% and 15.3% respect i ve 1 y . The overall .prevalence of tubercu los is infection was 13.4%. The mean age of the surveyed children was 6 years. Prevalence of infection was lew in infants and children under 5 years of age and increases with age, being high in 12 to 15 years old. There was a significant association between infection and previous non-BeG vaccination, and intimate exposure to cattle, as determined by chi square statistics (p < . 05 ) . There was no slgnificant association between infection and ra\'~ CO';J'S milk consumption (p > .05).The avera!(e alm":1-l risK of illt'ection as calcuLlted from the r esults of' the study in non-vaccinated ch~laren "'as 2.73%. InCidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases Has calculated to be about 337 cases per 290) 000 population (the set tIed awraja) s population). The study has enabled us to determine the annual risk of infection and incidence of smear-positive pulmonary tuberculosis cases in the community (awraja).
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    Prevalence and Determinants of Tuberculous Infection in children in bale Region
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1989-05) Ibrahim, Adem; Pickering, Joyce(PhD)
    The determination of the pre v~ len ce of tuberculoslS inf ection ,I i thin age groups and the relation of lnfection to factors under study , i,e., , previous BeG vaccination, raw milk consumption, and ·intimate exposure to cattle VJere evaluated in a c ross-sect l cna l community-based t ubercu lin skin test survey, and case-control analysis of the re13tion of infectlon to the factors unde r- study in Mendeyo Awraja, Ba 'le region (south-east Etniopia) 1 in chi ldren 6 months to ~5 years at age. A su rvey consisting of an interview, exami nati orl of BeG scar on the ri ght shoulder , and tuberculin skin testing and re a::.nng io-Jas conductea en 1892 children, ldentified by systematic househo ld survey from ten randoml y se lected peasant Yl1 lages in Mendeyo Awraja. Out of the total 1892 children surveyed 1002 (53%) were males and 890 (47%) were females . 1028 (54.3%) had a BeG scar and 864 (45.7%) had no BeG scar ; the prevalence of tubercul osis infection in these groups was 1 'I .8% and 15.3% respect i ve 1 y • The overall prevalence of tUberculosis infection 1'i3S 13.4%. The mean age of the surveyed children \'Ias 6 years . Preva lence of i nfeet i on was low ; n infants and chi 1 dren under 5 years of age and increases \·Jith age , being high in 12 to 15 years old. There vJas a signl f icant as socia tion between infect i on and previo us no n-BeG vacc inat ion, and intimate exposure to catt le, as determined by ch i square statistics (p < .05). There was no significant associat ion between I'n.f,e c +.... l'0 n and raw cow'~ mi l k co nsump~ ion (p > . 05). The average alillU(l.L risk of infec1;ion as cRJ.cul ateci. fro31 the results of the study in non-vaccl:1atect Gill J.drcn '':is 2.73%. Incidence of smear-posi ti ve pulmonary tuber culosis cases was r:.alcvlated to be about 387 cases per 290,000 population (the settled awraja' s population I . The study ha.s enabled us to determine the annual risk of infection and incidence of smear- positive pulmonary t uberculosis cases iL the community (awraja). "