Browsing by Author "Hailu, Melese (MSC)"

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    Bacterial etiologies and antimicrobial susceptibility patterns among prisoner with acute gastroenteritis at kality prison Addis ababa, Ethiopia By
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2017-11) Fujaga, Abraham; Hailu, Melese (MSC)
    Background: Diarrhea among prisoners caused by enteric bacteria is a public health problems worldwide, especially in tropical and developing countries; Antimicrobial resistance of enteropathogenic bacteria has profound clinical implications. Poor sanitation and restriction to water access may favor the spread of enteropathogenic bacteria, which is one of the leading causes of morbidity in the world. Objectives: To determine the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and associated risk factors of acute gastroenteritis among prisoners at Kality prison, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: Cross-sectional study was conducted from January, 2017 to September, 2017 on a total of 238 prison inmates having acute gastroenteritis. All study participants; fresh stool specimen was collected by using Caryp-Blair transport media. Samples were transported to EPHI bacteriology laboratory at 2-80c for bacteriological analysis and each specimen were inoculated onto XLD agar, MAC agar, SMAC agar and SFB. Pure isolates were characterized based on bacterial colony morphology and standard biochemical procedures. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done on Muller-Hinton agar using disk diffusion. Socio-demographic and associated risk factors data were gathered using a predesigned structured questionnaire. Socio-demographic, clinical and laboratory data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 23. Results: The overall prevalence of entropathogenic bacteria in this study was 20.6% (n=49/238). Out of this 55%, 28.6% and 16.3% of the isolates were positive for E.coli O157H7, Shigella spp. and Salmonella spp respectively. E.coli 0157; H7 was highly resistance to ampicillin (96.29%), while they showed lower level of resistance to cotrimoxazole and Ceftriaxone. Shigella and Salmonella isolates showed100% resistance to ampicillin. In the other hand, all isolates of E. coli 0157; H7 were 100% susceptible to Nalidixic Acid and Ciprofloxacin. Isolates of Salmonella spp. were 100% susceptible to Ceftriaxone, Nalidixic Acid, cotrimoxazole, and Ciprofloxacin. Conclusions: Enteropathogenic bacteria from acute gastroenteritis were high among prisoner inmates. Multidrug resistance was common among shigella spp and E.coli O157H7. Ampicillin and cotrimoxazole showed high resistance to E.coli O157H7 and Shigella isolates in this study. Ciprofloxacin was susceptible for both Salmonella and Shigella isolates.