Browsing by Author "Girma, Abel"

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    Assessment of factors affecting patient clinical handover practice of nurses at emergency department of selected government hospitals with trauma center in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2020
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-07) Girma, Abel; Mekonin, Hussen(PhD. Asst. Professor of public health); Wubete, Andualem(MSc. EMCCN)
    Background: The Emergency Department (ED) environment presents unique challenge for high quality communication. Poor handover practice is a threat to patient safety and associated with adverse outcomes. This study was aimed to assess factors affecting practice of patient clinical handover among nurses at emergency department of selected governmental hospitals with Trauma centers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods and Materials: Institution based cross-sectional study was conducted among 120 nurses working in emergency department of selected government hospitals with trauma centers in Addis Ababa from February to March,2020. Data were collected using a pretested selfadministered structured questionnaire. Data were entered, cleaned using epi data v.4.7.2 and exported to IBM SPSS v.25 software for analysis. Logistic regression was used to check for association between variables and for adjust potential confounders. Results were presented using texts, tables and graphs. Result: Of the total 120 respondents 70(58.3%) were male. The age of participants was ranged from 20 to 32 years with a mean(±SD) of 28.1±2.17. The overall level of practice was 59.6%. Factors such as, access to technology [P-value 0.009, AOR: 5.937, 95%CI (1.099,32.063)], safety climate [P-value: 0.003, AOR: 2.942, 95%CI (1.020, 8.485)], patient/family involvement [P-value: 0.008, AOR: 11.878, 95%CI (1.370, 101.390)] and relationship level [P-value: 0.019, AOR: 2.419, 95%CI (1.0854, 6.452)] significantly associated with handover practice. Conclusion: Overall, participants of study had good handover practice. Access to technology, use of technology facilitate handover, safety climate, patient involvement and relationship level among nurses were significantly associated with handover practice. This study suggests training, patient involvement, access to technology and presence of standardized structured handover tools are key to improve handover practice.
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    Sero-Prevalence of HBV and HCV Among Chronic Liver Disease Patients Visiting OPD in Public Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-05) Girma, Abel; Gebre-Silasse, Solomon(PhD)
    Background: Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV & HCV) are hepatotropic viruses causing viral hepatitis, chronic liver disease and hepatocellular carcinoma. Hepatitis B and C virus infections are still major public health problems around the globe. Both of these viruses are transmitted mainly through the parenteral route and therefore a dual infection of these viruses can occur and even persists in the same patient. They are prevalent in different parts of the world including Ethiopia. In view of this, the present study was designed to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection and co-infection in clinically diagnosed chronic liver disease patients who visited public hospitals of Addis Ababa. Objective: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence of HBV and HCV infection among chronic liver disease patients who visited public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Method: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in three public hospitals of Addis Ababa over a period of 7 months (Nov 2010- May 2011) on clinically diagnosed chronic liver disease patients. By using questionnaire brief history and risk factors were taken from each volunteering patient. Serum samples from each volunteering patients was screened for the presence of HBsAg and anti-HCV Ab by using qualitative rapid test kits. Result: A total of 120 participants who have chronic liver disease participated in the study, where 76 of them were males and the remaining 44 were females. The age distribution range form 18-80 years and the mean age was 40.99 years ±14 SD. The overall prevalence of HBsAg and HCV was 35.8% and 22.5% respectively. The prevalence of HBsAg and anti-HCV Ab was high in age below 50 years. 2.5% of the study participants had combined HBV/HCV infection which is possible because of their common modes of transmission. Conclusion: The prevalence of HBV and HCV in chronic liver disease patients is high and dental extraction at health facility was statistically associated with HCV infection. Key words: Hepatitis B virus, Hepatitis C virus, chronic liver disease, prevalence, co-infection