Browsing by Author "Gezu, Meaza"

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    Assessing the Prevalence of Work Musculoskeletal Disorders and Assocaiated Factors among Workers in Selected Garments in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Girma, Zenebe; Kumie, Abera(PhD); Gezu, Meaza
    Background:-Musculoskeletal disorders are serious problems that every human being would face through the process of his/her life. Studies show that these problems frequently occur in work place. The problem is growing in textile specifically among garment workers in many developing countries. In Ethiopia there is little evidence on the ergonomic exposure for development of musculoskeletal disorder in garment industries. Objective:-This study was to determine prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders and its associated factors among garment worker in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods:-Institutional based cross-sectional study design was implemented from March – April /2016 among 422 garment workers in selected Garments in Addis Ababa. An Amharic version pre tested Standard Nordic Musculoskeletal questionnaire and Quick Exposure Check tool were used to collect data using six data collectors and two supervisors. Data was entered in EPI info version 7 and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Frequency tables, graphs and descriptive summaries were used to describe the study variables. Model fitness and collinearity test were done. To control the effect of confounding variables, multiple logistic regression models with hierarchical entry of variables was done. Variables with p-value less than 0.05 under 95% CI in final model were considered as having significant association with dependent variable. Result: The response rate of this study was 100%. Three hundred and fifty five (84%) of them were female. The median age of the study subject was 29 years inter quartile range of (25-35). The one year prevalence of work related musculoskeletal disorders was 65.4% with 95% C.I: (60.9, 69.7). Among behavioral factors, habits of not doing physical exercise and alcohol consumption were significantly associated with development of musculoskeletal disorders [AOR: 1.96, 95% CI (1.03-3.72)] and [AOR: 9.4, 95% CI (1.15-76.7)], respectively. Among psychosocial factors, job stress and job satisfaction were associated with higher odds of MSDs [AOR: 4.6, 95% CI (2.55-8.4)] and [AOR: 3.9, 95% CI (2.18-7.07)], respectively. Work environment related factors like work hour per week [AOR: 7.9, 95% CI (3.2-19.5)] and working department had significant association after adjusting all others factors. Conclusion and Recommendation:-Based on findings of this study, there is significant prevalence and associated factors of musculoskeletal disorders in garment workers. Owners and governmental bodies should focus on preventive strategies and safety guidelines in order to prevent workers from occupational hazards. Key words: - Ethiopia, Garment worker, Work related musculoskeletal disorders
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    Assessment of Prevalence and Associated Factors of Diarrheal Diseases among Under-Five Years Children Living In Woreda 03 Residence of Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Tadesse, Yared; Tefera, Worku; Gezu, Meaza
    Background The main causes of under- five children morbidity and mortality in developing countries are related to exposures to poor environmental, socio-demographic and behavioral factors. Contaminated water consumption and poor hygienic practices are the leading causes of death among children worldwide especially in developing countries, including Ethiopia. Objective To assess the prevalence and associated factors for the occurrence of diarrhea disease among under-five year’s children Method A Cross sectional study conducted in Woreda 03 Residence of Yeka sub city of Addis Ababa Ethiopia whereby 399 out of 400targeted sample households’ caretaker with under- five children were interviewed by trained data collectors and alsofrom 34 household who have under- five children with diarrhea sample water were taken from usual water storage and examined and the collected data was entered using Epi Info and cleaned and analyzed using SPSS.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were undertaken to identify factors for childhood diarrhea. Result prevalence of diarrhea in under-five children was found 8.5 percent of the total 399 children from the socioeconomic variables entered the age of mother less than twenty five[AOR: 7.42, 95% CI: (1.64, 33.60)], from the Environmental variables entered in the model those house hold got water more than two week[AOR:4.56, 95% CI: (1.49, 13.93)] and from behavioral variables entered in the model caretaker who said I wash my hands after cleansing baby bottom and after using toilet [AOR:0.36, 95% CI: (0.15, 0.84)] and [AOR:0.23, 95% CI: (0.55, 0.96)]and also those caretaker who said I dispose child feces anywhere by covering with soil [AOR:0.7.9, 95% CI: (1.05, 59.89)]had significant in the final step or model. And the examined water sample result showed that from Ecoli point of view from thirty four 21 and from total coliform point from thirty four 29 sample showed unacceptable result Conclusions and Recommendations Storing water for long time and not practicing of washing hands after cleansing baby bottom and after using toile and also disposing child feces by covering with soil were risk factors for the occurrence of diarrhea in under-five children. Therefore Knowledge and practice on hand washing at critical times should have to get great emphasis during health education in order to protect the children against diarrhea and also the demand and supply of water supply gap should be minimized
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    Assessment of Respiratory Symptoms and Associated Factors among Solid Waste Collectors in Yeka Sub City, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2016-06) Emiru, Zerihun; Gezu, Meaza
    Background: Respiratory disease symptoms are a public health challenge in both industrialized and developing countries. Respiratory symptoms are more prevalent in solid waste collectors of developing countries, where occupational health and safety issues are less emphasized. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and associated factors affecting respiratory symptoms among solid waste collectors in Yeka sub city. Methods: cross sectional study was conducted among 518 study participants. Data were collected through interviewer administered structured questions derived from British Medical Research Council (BMRC) adult respiratory symptom assessment questions and observational check lists. Multivariable logistic regression model was used to identify predictor variables which have association with chronic respiratory symptoms and finally the variables which had significant association were identified on the basis of Adjusted Odds Ratio (AOR) with 95 % Confidence Interval (CI). Results: The prevalence of chronic respiratory symptoms among solid waste collectors was 40.7 %, with Prevalence of cough 35.7%, wheezing 21.2 %, phlegm 44 %, breathlessness 29.2 %, wheezing 21.2 % and chest illness 7.3%. Respiratory symptoms were associated with use of respiratory facemask on duty [AOR=2; 95% CI :( 1.1-4)], sleeping disorder [AOR=2.6; 95% CI :( 1.5-4.42)] and past illness [AOR=4.8; 95%CI :( 3.2-7.22)] Conclusion:respiratory symptoms were prevalent among solid waste collectors in Yeka sub city, Addis Ababa. Use of respiratory equipment on duty, sleeping disorder and past illness were identified factors
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    Comparative Cross Sectional Study on Occupational Health Problems among Workers in Floriculture Industry, Holeta, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2012-05) Gezu, Meaza; Kumie, Abera (PhD)
    Back ground: - Floriculture is labor intensive industry in which a number of citizens in Ethiopia rely on it and currently it is on vast expansion over the country. In spite of its creation of job opportunity it imposes various health challenges on the workers. Objectives: the specific objectives of this study are to assess the magnitude and determinants of common illness symptoms encountered by the workers of floriculture industry. Methods: - Mixed method approach; using Comparative cross sectional quantitative study on 958 randomly selected respondents of floriculture workers and general population; a qualitative study on purposively selected respondents from floriculture workers were conducted to obtain result on illness symptoms encountered in the past 12 months prior to data collection and associated factors. The data was collected using a pre-tested and structured questionnaire for the quantitative study and qualitative data was obtained from workers of floriculture through indepth interview and focus group discussion with predesigned interview guide. Results: - A total of 958 respondents with a response rate of 98.4% were included in this study. The prevalence of respiratory and skin disorder illness symptom were 462 (75.5%) and 232 (48.6%) versus 178(37%) and 68 (14.1%) for floriculture workers and general population respectively. Awareness of workers on risks of working in floriculture has association with reported respiratory and skin disorder illness symptom as those who were not aware about risks were less likely to report illness symptom. Use of personal protective equipment and pre training doesn’t show significant association with illness symptom of workers. Majority of respondents didn’t wear full personal PPE since only less than 30% of workers who have reported having PPE have boots, facemask and goggles. In the qualitative result respondents mentioned that the type of pre-training that is being provided to workers focuses on safety of flowers rather than how workers keep themselves away from the potential risks. Conclusions and recommendations: - According to these study respondents of floriculture workers have reported high prevalence of developing illness symptom in the past 12 months of time prior to data collection. Thus employers’ should give training on protection on workers from the potential hazard and fulfill personal protective equipments to workers.
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    Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea school attendance among high school Prevalence of primary dysmenorrhea and its consequences on among high school female adolescent consequences on adolescent students
    (Addis Abeba University, 2019-11) Jemal, Merema; Dr.kaba, Mirgissa; Gezu, Meaza
    Introduction:Primary dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation in the absence of pelvic pathology is the most common gynecological compliant among adolescence and young women. Its adverse consequence ranges from short term school absenteeism to family and personal disruption.Local studies especially among younger adolescent students exploring primary dysmenorrhea and its consequences on school attendance isscares. There for, this study aimed to assess the prevalence of primary dysmenorrheal and itsconsequences on school attendance. Method: A Cross-sectional study was conducted from March,7 to 21,2019 amongpublic secondary school students in Waliso town. Stratified random sampling technique was used to enroll 340 participants. Data were collected using pretested self-administered questionnaire. Data was cleaned, coded and entered into Epi info 7 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was applied to determine factors associated with primary dysmenorrhea.Pearson’s Chi-square test was used to determine the relationship between primary dysmenorrhea and school absenteeism. Results: Primary dysmenorrhea was reported by 247 (75.1%) of the participant. It was mild in 108(43.7%), moderate in 98(39.7%), and severe in 41(16.6%) of the respondents. It was accompanied by other symptoms like back pain 184 (55.9%), fatigue 159 (43.3%) and headache 63(19. 1%).Out of dysmenorric students 96(38.9%) of them reported consequent absence from school.Pearson Chi-square test showed statistically significant association between severity of primary dysmenorrheaand school activities. This was explained by school absence ( X 2 df=2=17.9, p<0.001), loss of concentration ( X IX 2 df=2=14.5, p<0.001), lack of focus on exam (X 2 df=2=11.4, p<0.001) and restriction of physical education. Primary dysmenorrhea was found to have relatively strong association with irregular menstrual cycle, shorter length of menstrual cycle and longer menstrual flow days. Only 7(2.8%)of the participants seek medical care. Conclusion and recommendation: Primary dysmenorrhea was found to becommon problem among female adolescent students and had consequences on student school attendance and limited their daily school activities.Comprehensive school education program on menarche and menstrual problems may help girls to cope better with dysmenorrhea and appropriately seek medical assistance.