Browsing by Author "Endris Mohammed"

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    Electrical Properties of two Hours Treated 4T1 Breast Cancer Cells and Effect of Magnetic Beads on Ionization of BT20 Breast Cancer Cells Using Optical Twezeers
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-09) Guta Korsa; Endris Mohammed
    Study was undertaken to introduce the novel optical tweezers method for exploring the electrical charge developed and trap coefficient of pre-ionized 2 hour treated 4T1 breast cancer cells and to assess how magnetic beads affect the ionization properties of BT20 breast cancer cells. Specifically, the research focused on 4T1 breast cancer cells, which had been treated with the chemotherapy drug DMDD extracted from Averrhoa carambola L., and BT20 breast cancer cells mixed with 3.1 μm diameter polymer-coated magnetic beads. The trapping was achieved using an infrared diode-pumped Nd:YVO4 laser with a wavelength of 1064 nm, maximum output power of 8W, beam diameter of 4 mm, and a highly focused, linearly polarized beam. In experiments with the pre-ionized 2 hour treated 4T1 breast cancer cells, we recorded the following average values; the charge generated on cells in Z-numbers of 432.60±688.77, angular frequency of 72.12±30.12 rad ⁄s and trap coefficient of 8.32±4.55 un/m. As the cells approached to the center of the trap, their motion was influenced by the opposing of the drag force and the electrostatic force generated by the induced electric field, that resulted in their deceleration. When magnetic beads inserted in BT20 breast cancer cells they affected their ionization characteristics as the cells stayed in the trap.
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    Introducing the Arabic and ʿAğamῑ Manuscripts of Šayḫ ʿAbdu al-Bāsiṭ b. Muḥammad al-Minasi
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-05) Seid Kiyar ; Endris Mohammed
    This thesis focuses on cataloging and introducing the manuscripts of Šayḫ ᶜAbdu al-Bāsiṭ of Minās(Wällo)who produced a number of manuscripts in Arabic and ʽAğamī literature. Šayḫ ᶜAbdu al-Bāsiṭ contributed a lot to the development of Arabic and ʽAğamī literature in Ethiopia especially in the field of Arabic syntax, morphology,fiqh and Islamic theology and culture. In this thesis the researcher briefly introduces the biography of the Šayḫ. His educational life as a student a scholar, teacher author and writer is given a special attention. Among the works of Šayḫ ᶜAbdu al-Bāsiṭ manuscripts that are available to the researcher(13) are cataloged with a brief philological description.In addition the researcher introduce a booklet on the consumption of Čat (ጫት) ᵓUrǧuzat fi zammi al-qāt.
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    Manuscripts Of Oromo History Recounted By ŠayḪ Abū-Baker ‘OṮmᾹn: Text Edition, Analysis And Annotated Translation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2020-05) Nuraddin Aman ; Endris Mohammed
    Ethiopia has a rich corpus of different ancient manuscripts produced by foreign and native scholars of the country. Some of these important heritages of the country have not properly explored. Taking into consideration the discovery of the indigenous manuscript, this research presents two historical manuscripts i.e. Kitāb Irsāl Aş-Ṣawārīḫ Ilā Samā’ At-Tawārīḫ fi kašfi’ an Tārīḫ Oromo, “A book of sending the missiles to the sky of the exalted history in revealing the history of the Oromo”, and Bayān Silsilat Nasab Al-Gāllā, “Explaining the [Oromo] genealogy” produced by an Oromo Muslim intellectual from Hararghe named Šayḫ Abū-baker „Oṯmān or also known as Šayḫ Bakri Saphalo. Accordingly, the study first of all attempts to make a text edition, analysis and annotated translation of the manuscripts of the Oromo history authored by this Šayḫ. Secondly, the study deals in describing the literary production, codicology, text and contexts of the Oromo history manuscripts composed by Šayḫ Abūbaker from the philological viewpoint. Thirdly, by employing a textual analysis procedure this study attempts in on identifying, enumerating and analyzing the episodes of particular messages and message characteristics that embedded in the texts from different perspectives. Additionally, the study explores the biographical and intellectual legacy of the author of the manuscripts under the study. To do so, the text is translated from the original Arabic language into English. Besides, to provide invaluable data both primary and secondary data are employed with deep analysis from various aspects. Finally, as a work of philology, a descriptive method was employed and the whole text was reproduced and described.
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    Philological and historical analysis of the manuscript of sayh ahmad ali alhawasiof afar al adab al munt ahabmin bani alafar
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06) Keyredin Edris ; Endris Mohammed
    This thesis is conducted to introduce manuscripts from cAfar by sayu Abmad cAli al-f:/aw(J,5i of cAfar specifically his histDlY manuscript; al-"Adab al-Muntauab min bani al-
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    Prevalence and Determinants of Acceptance of HIV testing among Pregnant Mothers at Antenatal care Settings of Selected Health centers in Addis Ababa.
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2007-07) Endris Mohammed; Fikre Enquselassie
    Back ground: Globally, an estimated 2.3 million children are living with HIV/AIDS, and 2.1million of these children are in sub-Saharan Africa at the end of 2005. At the end of 2005,700,000 new infection and 570,000 new deaths occur in children < 15 years of age. MTCT accounts for more than 90% of HIV in children. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) is a commonly used term for programs and interventions designed to reduce the risk of mother-to-child transmission of HIV (MTCT). HIV testing and counseling services need to be made available to all women of childbearing age because PMTCT interventions depend upon a woman knowing her HIV status. Objective: To assess prevalence and determinants of acceptance of HIV testing among pregnant mothers at antenatal care settings of selected health centers in Addis Ababa. Methods: Institution based quantitative case-control study was conducted in selected 10health centers in Addis Ababa on 88 cases and 176 controls using a pre tested structured questionnaire and records were reviewed to determine the prevalence of acceptance of HIV test in the selected health centers in the month prior to the study period. In addition focus group discussions were conducted with the clients using semi structured questionnaire. Results: A total of 264 mothers were interviewed. Among the socio demographic variables, acceptance of HIV test was higher among those with secondary and tertiary education level. Acceptance of HIV test was higher in those pregnant mothers with prior HIV test, more pregnancies, who did not want to consult their husband before HIV test, who did not consider themselves to be at risk of HIV, and who perceive that HIV test is beneficial. It was also higher in those mothers who correctly identify modes of HIV transmission and in those who identify ARVs as a way to prevent MTCT. Otherwise stigmatizing attitudes towards PLWHA were not found to be associated with acceptance of HIV test. Adjusting for socio demographic, Knowledge on HIV, MTCT and PMTCT and reproductive health factors, acceptance of HIV test was found to significantly associated with Knowledge of ARVs(OR=1.953, 95% CI=1.2-3.739), Perceived benefit of HIV test(OR=7.085, 95%CI=2.218-22.62), getting Husbands consent before the test(OR=0.458, 95%CI=0.23-0.916),and number of pregnancies(OR=0.319, 95%CI=0.104-0.98).The prevalence of HIV test among pregnant mothers was >80% and the prevalence of HIV was 7% in the selected health centers. Conclusion: Previous HIV test, knowledge of ARVs and husband’s consent were found to be important factors of acceptance of HIV test. The study gives useful information to health care providers to introduce measures that could improve the utilization of antenatal HIV testing.
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    Sheikh Seid Muhammed Sadiq(1889-1969Philological, Historical and Patriotic Legacies
    (Addis Ababa University, 2007-07) Endris Mohammed ; Shimelis Mazengia
    The main aim of the thes is is to bring to light the manuscripts of Sheikh Seid Muhammed Sadiq ( 1889-1969 E.C. or 1897- 1977). Moreover, the study seeks to ponray the cont ributions of Sheikh Seid towards documenting Ethiopi an hi story and deve loping Ethiopian patriotic consciousness as well as strengthening the Ethiopian unity. The study attempts to identify and classify the legacies of Sheikh Seid . His manu scripts, written in Amharic and Arabi c, are examined and analyzed. By so doing, the study provides a share of impetus for enriching the limi ted documentary evidence about the contribu tions of the Ethiopian Muslim clerica l scholars. The research endeavors to show the role of Sheikh Seid as an agent of patriotism and unity among the Ethiopian people. Further more, the study makes an eff O it to point out the contribution of Sheikh Surveilling some gaps in the political , social and cultural hi story of the country.
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    Teachers , Motivation and Job Satisfaction in Secondary Schools of Assosa Zone, Benishangul Gumuz Regional State
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-09) Endris Mohammed
    Motivation is one of the most important tools of human resource management. Organizations design motivation systems to encourage employees to perform in the most effective way but also to attract potential candidates. The key to create the efficient motivation system is an answer to the question what really motivate employees. The main objective of this study is to assess the teachers work motivation and job satisfaction to identify the variables which are the most predictor of teachers’ work motivation and satisfaction in secondary schools of Assosa Zone. To accomplish this purpose, the study employed a descriptive survey research design. The study was carried out in randomly selected nine secondary schools of Assosa Zone. A total of 166 individuals participated in the study. Among them, 149 teachers were included as samples through random sampling technique. Additionally, 9 secondary school principals, 4 cluster supervisors and 4 Woreda education office coordinators were included through available sampling technique. Questionnaire and interview were the main instruments of data collection. The analysis of the quantitative data was carried out by using mean and standard deviations. The findings revealed that the school practices on the independent variables that influence teachers’ work motivation and job satisfaction are insufficient as most of the practices on independent variables scored below two, when it serves as the average of the likert scales. As a result teachers are not encouraged to disseminate their knowledge to students through effective teaching-learning method, to achieve schools objective as well as to stay in the profession. Due to this teachers are not successful to improve the students’ academic achievement as well as school goals. In general, the findings revealed that, secondary schools in Assosa Zone had not worked effectively on improving the motivation level of teachers and their job satisfaction which forced teachers to leave the profession. Based on the findings, it is recommended that secondary schools, Woreda and Zone education offices need to give necessary rewards, recognition, empower teachers , professional development, strength staff relationship and furnishing the working conditions with refreshment facilities