Browsing by Author "Deyessa, Negussie"

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    Assessment of Association Between Perinatal Common Mental Disorders and Breast-Feeding Practice Among Postnatal Women in Butajira, SNNP, Ethiopia, 2014 (A Retrospective Cohort Study)
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2014-06) Wondimagegnehu, Abigiya; Deyessa, Negussie
    Back-ground: Perinatal Common Mental Disorders (CMD) is a neglected serious public health problem which can have long lasting effects on the mother, her child and her family. Even though breast-feeding is nearly universal in Ethiopia (98%), most mothers do not follow the recommendations in the Global Infant and Young Child Feeding Guideline. To date, the association between CMD and breastfeeding practices has not been examined in a population study in Sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study is, therefore, to assess the association between perinatal CMD and optimal breast - feeding pattern of women in a Demographic Surveillance Site at Butajira, Ethiopia in 2014. Methodology: Secondary data analysis was carried out using data from the P-MaMiE project in Butajira DSS. A total of 1065 eligible women were recruited in the P-MaMiE project in the third trimester of pregnancy. Antenatal and postnatal CMD were measured using the pre-validated Amharic version of Self-Reporting Questionnaire (SRQ-20). The data analysis was performed using statistical analysis such as, Survival Analysis and Poisson Regression using SPSS version 21 and STATA version 12 soft wares. Result: All women were breast feeding at two months and only 16 women discontinue breast feeding before one year. The mean duration of breast feeding was 22.3 months. Only 43(4.7%) of children were given pre lacteal feeds. The cox regression revealed that ethinicity; (Mareko, AHR=1.51, 95% CI: (1.05, 2.17), Silte, AHR=1.45, 95% CI: (1.10,1.91)), maternal age; (35-49 years AHR= 0.49, 95% CI : (0.28, 0.86),obstetric complication; (AHR=1.35, 95% CI: (1.061, 1.72)), low birth weight ; (AHR=0.40, 95% CI: 0.19, 0.82), and parity; (1-2 children, AHR= 0.57, 95% CI: (0.35, 0.94), grand parouse, AHR=0.53, 95% CI: (0.39, 0.73)) are factors associated with discontinuation of breast feeding. however , there is no statistically significant association between perinatal CMD and discontinuation of breast feeding after controlling possible confounders; AHR=0.92, 95% CI: (0.65, 1.29). Mothers with antenatal CMD were almost two times more likely to give pre lacteal feeds to their child as compared to mothers with out antenatal CMD after controlling socio demographic factors and other confounders, (adjusted IRR=1.97, 95% CI: (1.01, 3.85). Residence; urban, (adjusted IRR=3.89, 95% CI: 2.02, 7.48), birth attendants; (health professional, IRR= 0.32, 95% CI: (0.10, 0.99)) were other determinant factors for pre lacteal feeding. Conclusion and recommendation: Although CMD is not associated with discontinuation of breast feeding, it this study revealed as it has a significant association with that of pre lacteal feeding. Therefore, it is recommended for health professionals to consider CMD as one major factor that has negative impact on optimal breast feeding and it is needed to routinely screen for CMD and provide proper counseling on optimal breast feeding.
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    Magnitude and Type of Physical Violence Against Married Women in Meskan and Mareko District Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1996-05) Deyessa, Negussie; Kassaye, Mesfin (PhD)
    The seriousness in magnitude of physical violence, and lack of information on the dimensions and context of the problem here in Ethiopia, have made this paper to be important. A cross-sectional survey and a focus group discussion were conducted in Meskanena Mareko woreda, South western Ethiopia, for a period of one month with an objective to assess the magnitude and types of physical violence against married women and its associated factors. A total of 673 married women were included in the study. The study found out the overall prevalence of physical violence on married women to be 45.0 % and 9.7 % in their lifetime and last three months, respectively. The type of physical violence most frequently observed was slapping or hitting a woman with a fist, kicking with leg, and hitting with stick or iron bar. The out comes of the physical violence ranged from small laceration to permanent damages. The study has also shown that khat chewing than not chewing (OR= 1.59, 95 % CI: 1.13, 2.23), marriage initiated by family than by self (OR= 1.94, 95 % CI: 1.14, 3.37), having history of parental spousal abuse than don't have (OR= 1.89 95 % CI: 1.37, 2.39), having social confidant than don't have (OR= 1.95, 95 % CI: 1.30, 2.97) and alcoholic than non alcoholic spouses were the most contributing factors to the increase in magnitude of physical violence against married women. We recommend policy makers to be involved to entail the problem and increase public awareness of physical violence and introduce enforcing law and other researchers to carry out an in depth study to identify circumstances of physical violence, what the community regards physical violence and to come up with further analysis in terms of spouses point of view.
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    Sexual Violence and Substance use among Female Students of Mizan-tepi University
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2012-06) Henok, Andualem; Deyessa, Negussie
    Background: Sexual violence is a common and serious public health problem. The most common place where sexual violence is experienced is school. Sexual violence usually occurs when she is unable to understand the situation. The most important cause for this is substance use. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of sexual violence and its association with substance use among female students in Mizan-Tepi University. Methods: Cross sectional institution based survey, using self-administered, anonymous questionnaire and focus group discussions were done among female students of Mizan-Tepi University from January to February 2012 to assess prevalence of sexual violence and its association with substance use. A total of 604 female students were involved in the study. Prevalence was determined using frequencies and logistic regression was used to estimate odds ratios and 95% confidence interval using SPSS statistical package. Result: Among respondents 66.3% and 63% were sexually harassed since joining the university and in the current academic year respectively. The prevalence of attempted rape was 19.6% and 13.7% since joining the university and in current academic year respectively. The magnitude of rape was 13.5% and 8.9% since joining the university and in current academic year respectively. The life time prevalence of sexual harassment, attempted rape and completed rape was 75.4%, 33.5% and 20.7% respectively. Experiencing of rape in current year was significantly associated with khat chewing (AOR= 4.24: 95% CI 1.92, 9.37), smoking cigarettes (AOR= 6.76: 95% CI 2.99, 15.28), drinking alcohol (AOR= 3.27: 95% CI 1.51, 7.11), having drinking friend (AOR= 5.60: 95% CI 2.46, 12.74) and using other substances like cocaine (AOR= 6.43: 95% CI 1.91, 21.64). FGD discussants explained that sexual violence is prevalent due to lack of facilities and availability of substances around the campus. Conclusion: The magnitude of sexual violence among female students of Mizan-Tepi University was very high. There was significant association between rape and substance use by female students. Therefore it needs urgent attention from concerned bodies to alleviate the problem.