Browsing by Author "Betre, Mulugeta"

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    Assesment of Factores Affecting Safe Delivery Care Service Utilization In Brna Tsemay Woreda, South Omo Zone, SNNPR, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2010-07) Haile, Firehiwot; Betre, Mulugeta
    Background: Every minute, at least one woman dies from pregnancy-related causes: 99% of these are in developing countries. The majority of these deaths occur in sub-Saharan Africa, and is avoidable by using standard interventions and health care which all pregnant women and their newborns need. Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess factors affecting safe delivery care service utilization in Bena Tsemay Wereda. Methods: A cross sectional community based study which was supplemented by qualitative method was conducted in Bena Tsemay Wereda from August, 2009 to June, 2010. A multistage sampling technique was used to select 426 women who had childbearing experience in the past five years prior to the study. To collect the quantitative data, well structured, pre-tested questionnaire was administered by data collectors. To supplement the quantitative information FGD and key informant interviews were conducted. Bivariate analysis of chi-square statistics and binary logistic regression is used to show the association of different variables with the dependent variable. Moreover, a multivariate analysis was implemented to identify factors that affect the utilization of safe delivery care utilization. Result: From the total of 426 mothers, 386 (90.6%) delivered their last child at home and only 40 (9.4%) at health institution. Among the home delivery the distribution of birth attendants was 25.4% TBA, 36.5% relatives and 22.8% their neighbours. Most of the respondents’ reasons for home delivery; 114 (29.2%), were reported that the HI was too far and there was no transportation and the other 93 (24.1%) due to their wish to deliver by nearby relatives. On the other hand, 52.5% of the respondents who deliver at HI were informed to deliver at HI. In multivariate analysis knowledge on DS, attitude towards institutional delivery, FP utilization, educational status of the mother, radio availability, walking distance of the HF, problem faced related to pregnancy or child birth and sex of health professional were found to be factors affecting safe delivery care utilization. Conclusion and Recommendation: The utilization of safe delivery care service was very low in the woreda. Most of the important factors influencing the utilization of safe delivery care services were socio economic, health service related factors and factors related to the mothers like attitude and knowledge on DS. So improving education for both groups especially girls, beyond the primary school, needs to be strongly encouraged. Health care providers should provide information on risks of pregnancy, benefits of giving birth at health facilities, danger signs during pregnancy and labor to mothers, family members and the community consistent to the focused ANC service provision.
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    Assessing Child Immunization Coverage and Its Determinants in Sinana District, Bale Zone, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2013-04) Dechassa, Worku; Betre, Mulugeta
    Background: - Immunization remains one of the most important public health intervention and cost effective strategy to reduce child mortality and morbidity associated with infectious diseases and is estimated to avert between 2 and 3 million deaths each year. The objective of this study was to assess complete immunization coverage and its associated factors among children age 12-23 months in Sinana district. Methods: - A cross-sectional community based survey was conducted in 6 kebeles (PA) of Sinana District from 29, December 2012 –16, January 2013. A modified World Health Organization Expanded Program on Immunization cluster sampling methods was used for household selection. Data on 591 children aged 12-23 months and mothers pair were collected by using a pre-tested structured questionnaire through house to house visits from vaccination card and mother’s verbal reports. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to assess factors associated with fully immunization coverage of children. Results: - of 591 interviewed mothers’ of children, only 10.2% of the mothers have attended secondary and above level of education. Of children included in this study, only 33% of them had vaccination card at time of the survey and about 76.8% of the children aged 12-23 months were fully vaccinated by card plus history. Factors significantly associated with full immunization were antenatal care follow-up (adjusted odds ratio (AOR = 3.7, 95% CI: 2.3- 5.9), mother occupation being farmer (AOD=1.9, 95% CI:1.14-3.1), educational level of father being secondary and above (AOD=3.1, 95%CI:1.3-7.4), household family income greater than one thousand(AOD=3.2, 95% CI:1.4-7.4) , average walking time less than an hour(AOD=3.1, 95% CI:1.5-6.3), ever discuss about immunization with health service extension worker(AOD=2.4, 95%CI:1.32-4.2) and mother’s sufficient knowledge on immunization(AOD=2.5, 95% CI 1.5-4.2) , whereas area of residence , educational level of mother and child sex were not significantly associated. Conclusion: - Even though, immunization coverage of children in sinana district gets improvement over national coverage, yet it is below governmental plan of 90%. Maternal Health care utilization and knowledge of mother about vaccine and Vaccine Preventable Diseases are the main factors associated with complete immunization coverage. It is vital that, local programmatic intervention should be strengthened to upgrade awareness of the community on the importance of immunization, antenatal care and working on advancing economical status of community is the way to optimize children’s immunization coverage
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    Assessment of Male Partners Influence on Pregnant Women Towards Voluntary HIV Testing and Support on Pmtct in Hospitals of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 2007-07) Takele, Abenet; Betre, Mulugeta
    Background: Women traditionally have suffered socio-cultural and economic discrimination. Thus they are easily influenced by their partners’ decisions even on issues related to prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV/AIDS. Inadequate male involvement in pregnancy and PMTCT of HIV programmes have been identified as major bottlenecks to effective programme implementation. Objective: This study was designed to assess the male partners influence and factors on pregnant women towards voluntary HIV testing and support on PMTCT in hospitals of Addis Ababa. Method and Materials: Cross-sectional survey was conducted using structured pre-tested questionnaire on 423 HIV pre-test counseled pregnant women at five public hospitals that provide PMTCT services in Addis Ababa. The study was complimented with four FGDs and it was launched from December 2006 to January 2007. Key findings: Male partners, who had presented to PMTCT centers along with women, were found to be 10.4%; and 47.3% of the pregnant women were reported to be influenced by their male partners on decision of HIV testing. Those women who had not influenced by their male partners on HIV testing 2.56 times likely to accept HIV testing than who had not. Multiple factors were looked in study whether an association exists with male partner influence on pregnant Assessment of male partners influence on pregnant women towards voluntary HIV testing and support on PMTCT in hospitals of Addis Ababa. By: Abenet Takele vii women towards HIV testing or not: being married [AOR (95%CI) = 3.35(1.66- 11.38)], living with the male partner [AOR (95%CI) = 3.23(1.09-8.41)], economical dependence [AOR (95% CI) = 3.09 (1.84-5.90)]. Pregnant women need their male partner psychological, social and financial support as well as active involvement in PMTCT services in order to utilize the service properly. Recommendations: Besides intensifying IEC program to encourage the male partners to utilize PMTCT, care and support the pregnant women, empowering of women to make informed choices about VCT and PMTCT in providing intensive information were suggested. Supporting women to become economically independent through income generating projects as well as the strengthening of male friendly counseling at PMTCT providing institutions were also recommended.
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    Assessment of the Magnitude and Factors Associated With Low Birth Weight among Newbors in Public Hospitals of Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2015-06) Mulatu, Hirut; Betre, Mulugeta
    Back ground: Low birth weight is a public health problem in almost all countries of the world of which Ethiopia is one. The empirical literature provides mixed results on the relationship between many of these factors and LBW. Some of the variables that are found to be predicator of LBW in one study may not necessarily be a risk factor in another study. Objective: The main objective of this study is to assess the magnitude and factors associated with low birth weight at public hospitals of Addis Ababa from August 2014 to June 2015. Methods: Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted in Addis Ababa. The study was conducted among three selected hospitals. A total of 457 samples were drown proportionally from the selected hospitals. Pre tested structured interviewer administered questionnaire was used. The collected data was cleaned, coded, and entered into EPI INFO and then exported to SPSS version 21.0 for analysis. Result: The magnitude of low birth weight was 8.8%. Low birth weight was more likely associated with timing of ANC visit (AOR=7.407, 95% CI=1.148, 47.794), taking extra meal during pregnancy (AOR=0.249, 95%CI=0.064, 0.960), type of pregnancy (AOR=0.302, 95% CI=0.094, 0.972) and iron/folic acid supplementation (AOR=0.30295%CI=0.092, 0.972). Conclusion and recommendation: Low birth weight was substantial and strengthening the public health intervention that put into consideration the factors identified here are essential. Key word: Low birth weight, maternal risk factors
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    Modifiable Risk factors for Coronary Heart Disease among young People in Addis Ababa
    (Addis Abeba Universty, 1995-05) Betre, Mulugeta; Kebede, Derege (PhD)
    In view of the increasing life expectancy and adoption of the western life-styles in the city of Addis Ababa, it was important to document the prevalence of the modifiable risk factors for coronary heart disease in the community so that preventive plans can be worked out. This study is a community-based cross-sectional survey which measured the risk factors for coronary heart disease among 15-24 years population in Addis Ababa, 1994 . Thirty c l usters with 52 subjects in each were targeted. With the response rate of 92.1%, a tot.al of 1,436 adolescents (851 females and 585 males), 15 - 24 years of age participated in the study. Structured questionnaires were administered and selected physical examinations performed using trained and supervised research assistants . Current smokers were 11.8% males and 1.1% females. About 34% of the respondents consume alcoholic beverages regularly, but only 7 . 0% of them take 100 grams and over alcohol per week. High fat intake and sedentary life-styles were registered in 4 . 5% and 8.4% of the respondents , respectively. About 6.0% of the females and 0.7% of t he males were obese. The prevalence of elevated diastolic blood pressure was 7.1% . After adjusting for potential confounders, male sex and increasing age were found to be important determinants for current smoking and heavy alcohol consumption . For obesity being female and increasing age were the mos't important determinants. Sedentary lifestyle and high fat intake were strongly r e lated to each other. Elevated diastolic blood pressure was strongly associated with obes ity . The current prevalence of modi fiable risk factors among the young people are not that l ow and this community based study emphasizes the initiation of primary preventive activities as soon as possible.