Browsing by Author "Berhan Yeshiwork"

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    Magnitude and Associated Factors of Intraventricular Hemorrhage among Preterm Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care unit of Addis Ababa Public Hospitals in, Ethiopia, 2023 Cross sectional study.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023) Alemu Mihret; Sebsibie Girum; Berhan Yeshiwork
    Background: Intraventricular hemorrhage is one of the most severe brain injuries in pretermneonates, especially in VLBW and ELBW, and is associated with some perinatal risk factors,such as antepartum hemorrhage, urogenital tract infections, chorioamnionitis, and some neonatalrisks, such as mechanical ventilation, continuous positive airway pressure, intubation, asphyxia,respiratory distress, sepsis, and thrombosis. Objective: To assess the magnitude of Intraventricular hemorrhage and associated factors among preterm neonates admitted to theneonatal intensive care unit of public hospitals in Addis Ababa in 2023.Method: An institution-based cross-sectional study was carried out. The final sample size was 381 preterm neonatesadmitted to selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa from February 27 to March 27, 2023. Thestudy was conducted in five randomly selected public hospitals in Addis Ababa. Data wascollected using a pretested data extraction tool (Kobo) chart reviewed by the data collector. Thecollected data was exported to SPSS version 26 for analysis. Descriptive statistics to describe thevariables were conducted for bi-variable logistic regression and multi-variable logistic regressionanalysis. Variables with a P-value < 0.05 in the multivariate analysis (final model) wereconsidered significantly associated. The tables, figures, and graphs were used to present thefindings. Result: The magnitude of Intraventricular hemorrhage was reported in 93 (25%), with37.6% of patients having grade II, which was the most frequent, followed by severe grade III(24.7%), grade IV (20.4%), and grade I (17.2%), which was the least prevalent. Our study foundthat very low birth weight (AOR: 7.45; 95% CI: 2.12, 26.21), hypothermia (AOR: 2.53, 95% CI:1.36, 4.47), Thrombocytopenia (4.03, 95% CI: 1.73, 9.40), and blood transfusion (AOR: 2.85;95% CI: 1.18, 6.90) were independent factors for Intraventricular hemorrhage. Conclusion andrecommendation: The magnitudes of Intraventricular hemorrhage were low compared to reportsof other studies in Africa and globally, while the severity of Intraventricular hemorrhage wasrelatively high. Therefore, a further large-scale study with the same title is required to understand factors associated with Intraventricular hemorrhage among preterm neonates.
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    Management outcome and Factors Associated with Pediatric Surgical Patient‟s Admitted at Arbaminch General Hospital, Southern Ethiopia, 2021:Retrospective Cross-Sectional Study
    (Addis Abeba University, 2021-05) Assefa Filagot; Wondwossen Kalkidan ; Berhan Yeshiwork
    Background: Pediatric surgical situations are inadequately addressed globally, especially indeveloping countries. But, the admission of children due to surgical conditions increasesdramatically as a result of increased trauma, and emergency surgical conditions. The burden ofthe surgical condition is high among children of middle and low-income countries includingEthiopia. Objective: To assess management outcome and factors associated with pediatric surgicalpatient‟s admitted at Arbaminch general hospital, southern Ethiopia, 2021. Method: An institution-based retrospective cross-sectional study design was employed among265 children with surgical problems admitted to Arbaminch General Hospital from January1/2017 to December 31/2020. Data were collected from patients chart by using the systematicrandom sampling method. Then data was entered by using Epi Data 4.2 version and analyzed by using SPSS version 25. Bi-variate and multi-variable logistic regression analysis was employed.And P-value < 0.05 with 95% confidence interval (CI) was used to identify associated factors. Result: This study revealed that about 26% of study subjects were discharged with unfavorablemanagement outcome. Children admitted with trauma cause [AOR: 5.753, 95% CI:(2.36613.987)],Childrenwith a pre-existing medical condition[AOR: 3.240, 95% CI:(1.436-7.310)], children who have an early complication [AOR: 2.515, 95% CI:(1.130-5.599)],Children with aduration of hospital presentation >24hrs[AOR:8.351,95% CI:(2.089-33.381)],Children whostayed in hospital >7days [AOR:10.671,95% CI:(1.363-83.546)], and management surgicaly [AOR:2.742,95% CI:(1.137-6.611)] are factors positively associated with unfavorable outcome. Conclusion and recommendations: Twenty six percent of patients were discharged withunfavorable outcome. Causes of admission, preexisting medical condition, early complication,duration of hospital presentation, length of hospital stay and type of management were factorsassociated with the outcome of pediatric surgical admission. So, early identification and treatment of cause should be needed and need of well-equipped care centre to have a good outcome.Providing health education to the community to increase awareness about the surgical condition.