Browsing by Author "Assefa, Solomon"

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    Change and Continuity of the Socio-cultural Practices among the Zay Community, in Ethiopia
    (Addis ababa university, 2021-03) Assefa, Solomon; Tezera (PhD), Kairedin
    This study primarly seeks to analyze the change and continuity of the socio-cultural practices among the Zay community in Ethiopia.The study principally employed qualitative research approach. In line with this approach, observations, in-depth interview, oral history interview, FGD and case study methods were used to gather data. Research informants were selected through purposive and snowball sampling techniques. Accordingly, the findings of the study reveal that, the Zay Community has managed to establish vibrant and harmonious community composed of people who originated from different parts of the country and who developed remarkable success of solidarity, culture, values, and language unique to the Community. The Zay community composed of five major clans that have sub-groups (gosas) under each clans.The community has also achieved to introduce and establish its own unique customs and practices of marriage, funeral and wake ceremonies and celebration of the Meskel holiday upon which the tantalizing values of the community manifested. The study also identified, the Zay community is known for practicing terracing technique since a long period of time. Besides, the study shows that, members of the Zay community have been forced to leave the islands and live elsewhere due to internal and external factors and this forced the migrants from the islands adopted the culture and customs of other communities gradually disregarding their original socio-cultural values and identity.Migration and being overwhelmed by urban life and cultures and languages of dominant ethnic groups are indeed threatening the survival of the Zay community’s unique and remarkable socio-cultural values which are now virtually limited in the islands. Form this, the researcher has concluded that this is a matter of great concern and all the relevant stakeholders should endeavor to address array of the factors that are positing threat to the continuation of the identity of Zay community with its own socio-cultural values.
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    The Effects of Capital Structure on Financial Performance: The Case of Insurance Companies of Ethiopia
    (A.A.U, 2021-05) Assefa, Solomon; Abitie, Asres (Dr)
    Empirical studies over the effect of Capital structure on financial performance are inclusive and need further investigation. The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of capital structure on financial performance of 17 insurance companies in Ethiopia over the past ten (10) years period from 2008 to 2017 using secondary data collected from financial statements of the insurance companies. In this study ROA and ROE were used as performance measures while growth, liquidity, firm size, and tangibility were used as capital structure measures. Descriptive and inferential statistical tools were employed to analyze the data. The study revealed that Liquidity, Size, and growth made a statistically significant contribution in predicting ROA while Liquidity, Tangibility, and Size were the significant predictors of ROE. From these findings, we can conclude that size, liquidity, growth, and tangibility of insurance companies are important capital structure variables that contribute towards better financial performances of insurance companies in Ethiopia. Based on the findings, important recommendations are made that include working on tangibility, liquidity, size, and growth to improve their financial performances.
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    Factors Affecting Brand Awarness: A Case Of Flintstone Homes
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-06-21) Assefa, Solomon; Belayneh, Temesgen (PhD)
    The main aim of this research was to assess the factors that influence brand awareness a case of Flintstone homes.Three determinants: Advertising, Brand Association and Perceived Quality have been kept in mind while doing this research. The study used quantitative Methods and descriptive research design techniques in which 138 respondents from Addis Ababa were included. In this study structured questionnaire for customers identified through convenience sampling was used. The researcher used Pearson’s correlation and regression analysis to analyze the data. The result of the study shows that all three variables; Brand Association, Product Perceived Quality and Advertising have a significant positive impact on brand awareness on a case of Flintstone homeswith different degree. The study recommended that the developer to increase its brand awareness level it shall advertise its brand widely in a very consistent and structured manner so that the customer interest arose, to stay in customer mind as well as to create a good Brand Association and Perceived Quality. Further studies were recommended in the areas by considering additional variables and considering real-estate industry at large.
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    Prevalence of Group B Streptococci Colonization and Susceptibility Pattern Among Pregnant Women Attending Antenatal Care Clinics Of Health Institutions, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-12) Assefa, Solomon; Desta, Kassu (Assistant Professor)
    Background: Group B Streptococci (GBS) is the leading cause of septicemia, meningitis and pneumonia in neonates. Maternal colonization with GBS is the principal risk factor for early- onset of invasive GBS disease in infants. GBS is now recognized to be an important cause of maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality in many parts of the world; however, it has been little studied in Ethiopia. Objectives: To determine the prevalence of GBS colonization, antibiotic susceptibility pattern and identify risk factors related to GBS among pregnant women attending antenatal care clinics of Health Institutions in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A cross sectional prospective study was conducted from May-August, 2014. Consented participants’ information was collected using structured questionnaire. A total of 281 vaginal swabs were collected by consecutive sampling technique and inoculated into Todd Hewitt Broth and later sub cultured on 5% blood agar for isolation of GBS. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed according to the criteria of the clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI) guidelines 2013 by disk diffusion method. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS version 20.0 software. Chi-square test and binary logistic regression analysis were used. A 95 % CI and P- value of < 0.05 were considered statistically significant. Result: The overall prevalence of GBS colonization among pregnant women was 14.6% (41/281). GBS colonization was significantly associated with health institutions and inversely related with history of contraceptive use (P<0.05). All GBS isolated were susceptible to chloramphenicol. Resistance to tetracycline, cefotaxime, clindamycin, penicillin, vancomycin, ampicillin and erythromycin was 90.2%, 34.1%, 26.8%, 19.5%, 17%, 14.6% and 7.5% respectively. Conclusion and Recommendation: There was high isolation frequency of GBS colonization (14.6%) and resistance to the commonly used antibiotics which suggests the importance of the screening of GBS colonization in pregnant women at 35-37 weeks of gestation and testing their antimicrobial susceptibilities in order to provide antibiotic prophylaxis. Key words: Group B Streptococci, prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility testing, risk factors