Browsing by Author "Amare Hiwot"

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    Practices and Challenges of Ethiopian Social Security Agency Pension Funds Investment
    (Addis Ababa University, 2012-06) Amare Hiwot; Yitayew Abebe
    This study was undertaken to assess the practices and challenges of pension funds investment in Ethiopian Social Security Agency. The primary data were collected from seven key informants who had specialized knowledge about the pension funds investment of the Agency. This was supplemented by secondary data. The researcher used a mixed approach study where the quantitative data show existing pension funds investment practices of the agency quantitatively and the qualitative data shows the opinion of respondents regarding pension fund investment practices at SSA and related issues. The study result show that the attainment of unsatisfactory return on pension funds investment, concentration of the funds on non- marketable and, short-term assets which yield low return, and lack of standard investment practices like, lack of investment policy, detail and exhaustive investment guideline, unable to measure performance periodically and disclose to the public, and unable to follow the existing guideline in its investment activities. The agency’s investment activities has been influencing by implicit and explicit government intervention specially, the invested pension fund in one way or another way has been used as a captive source of finance for government .In addition, underdeveloped financial market, limited expertise in the area, low market return and low understanding about the fund from officials have been challenging the investment of pension funds in SSA. Key words: pension funds, pension funds investment, Social security Agency
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    Practices and Challenges of Ethiopian Social Security Agency Pension Funds Investment
    (A.A.U, 2012-06) Amare Hiwot; Yitayew Abebe
    This study was undertaken to assess the practices and challenges of pension funds investment in Ethiopian Social Security Agency. The primary data were collected from seven key informants who had specialized knowledge about the pension funds investment of the Agency. This was supplemented by secondary data. The researcher used a mixed approach study where the quantitative data show existing pension funds investment practices of the agency quantitatively and the qualitative data shows the opinion of respondents regarding pension fund investment practices at SSA and related issues. The study result show that the attainment of unsatisfactory return on pension funds investment, concentration of the funds on non- marketable and, short-term assets which yield low return, and lack of standard investment practices like, lack of investment policy, detail and exhaustive investment guideline, unable to measure performance periodically and disclose to the public, and unable to follow the existing guideline in its investment activities. The agency's investment activities has been influencing by implicit and explicit government intervention specially, the invested pension funds in one way or another way has been used as a captive source of finance for government .In addition, underdeveloped financial market, limited expertise in the area, low market return and low understanding about the fund from officials have been challenging the investment of pension funds in SSA.
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    Surgical outcome of Pleuro-Pulmonary Tuberculosis Complications:A five year Retrospective Study,Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2020-10) Amare Hiwot ; Tamire Ayalew
    Background Tuberculosis is one of the top ten causes of mortality in the world. It is more concerning for African countries as most of the young productive age group is the target of the disease. In the older days surgery was the main mode of management for pulmonary tuberculosis. Since the invention of anti-tuberculosis chemotherapy the role of surgery has reduced. But due to the emergence of drug resistant TB and post TB complications, surgical management is growing again. The current indications of surgery for pulmonary tuberculosis are post TB squelae and drug resistant Tuberculosis. The commonest post TB complications demanding surgery hemoptysis, destroyed lung, bronchiectasis, fistulas, and tuberculoma. After all medical evolutions, surgical management of TB is still one of the challenges for thoracic surgeons. Here we will see the trends of surgical interventions and outcome in terms of post-operative complication in our hospitals. Methods – It is a retrospective cross sectional case study done in Ethiopia, Addis Ababa University, college of health science, School of Medicine Tikur Anbessa Hospital, Department of surgery, cardiothoracic and vascular surgery unit on patients who underwent surgery for secondary to pulmonary Tuberculosis from January1, 2015-December31, 2019. Result – 88 patients were participants of the study. There were 59 men and 29 women. Mean age is 33.5, Maximum 65 years and Minimum 16 years with the range of 21-45. More than 90% of the patients had productive cough and 53.4% had hemoptysis. Eight patients had history of comorbidity. Only two patients were smokers. All patients had chest X-ray and 97.7% had CT scan of the chest. Out of the 88 patients 56 of them had pathology on the left side. 13.4% of patients had anemia up on presentation. are Empyema, pathologies Albumin level was measured in 43.1% of the patients. Out of these patients 73.6% had normal albumin level, 13.1% had mild hypoalbuminemia 10.5% moderate hypoalbuminemia, and 2.5% had severe hypoalbuminemia. Only 20% of the patients were screened for HIV infection. The mean operation time was-186 min/ (minimum 40 min, Maximum 440min). Mean total Hospital Stay was 27 days (minimum 7days, Maximum 86 days). For 57% of the patients Post op hospital stay was 14 days. The most common indication for surgery was empyema followed by Aspergilloma. The most common procedure performed is decortication followed by pneumenectomy and wedge resection. We observed a complication rate of 20% with mortality rate of 1.1%. The most common complication detected was atelectasis followed by BPF and pneumonia. Conclusion- In general Outcome of surgical management for pulmonary tuberculosis is good with relatively low morbidity and mortality. We recommend offering patients surgery on the appropriate time when having proper indication.