Browsing by Author "Ali, Seid"

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    A Computer-Based Loan Management and Monitoring System for the Development Bank of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 1998-05) Ali, Seid; Shibre, Zewde (PhD)
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    A Computer-Based Loan Management and Monitoring System for the Development Bank of Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 1998-05) Ali, Seid; Shibre, Zewde (PhD)
    Globally, the banking industry has been showing a dramatic change in accomplishing its dayto- day operations in order to serve its customers efficiently and come out competitive. Though at an infant stage, the change applies to Ethiopian banks, too. A number of private universal banks are emerging which adopt computer teclmo logy of the time with better customer service. Even the existing government banks are updating their operations by automating their systems. These moves affect the Development Bank of Ethiopia - the case of emphasis of this study - which is basically oriented to provide loans of mainly medium- and long-term. It needs to improve its activities and provide better customer services. In this thesis, problems of the loan management and monitoring system of the Development Bank of Ethiopia are identified; the current system is described using tools of systems analysis and design; and users requirements are defined. Moreover, output, input, process and security requirements for the proposed system are drawn. Alternative solution is proposed to attain users' needs.Logical database design using entity-relationship modeling is also exemplified. Physical design of the new system that discusses output and input design is part of the study. Finally, prototype of the new system using Microsoft Access is used to demonstrate how the loan management and monitoring system could be handled with computers.
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    The Impact of Asymmetrical Representation of Federated Units in the Ethiopian Federation on Decision Making Process: Case Study of House of Federation
    (Addis Ababa University, 2014-05) Ali, Seid; Fiseha, Assefa( PhD)
    Fair and proper representation of federated units especially the minorities in the central institution is the tradition of federations. The second chamber is one institution which federated units are represented and participated in decision making process at the center. Most federations give equal representation to all member states in the second house irrespective of population number to protect the minorities from the domination of larger units. While others use population number as a major criterion, still some others, though they use population number as a criteria they gives weighty advantage to less populous regions to protect their interests. Unlike others, in Ethiopian federation the second chamber is composed of nation, nationality and peoples. The states are indirectly represented by the nation, nationalities and peoples they hosts. This system creates a wide gap in winning of seats among member states as the number of population and diversity of the region is considerably differ from each other. as a result, since all decision of the house is passed by simple majority vote, it pave the way that strongly represented regions control all decisions of the House in their interest at the cost of smaller regions. In view of that, the paper assess the impact of these system of representation practiced in the House of Federation in the decision making processes particularly on the determination of formulas in the allocation of subsidies to regions. For examination of this study qualitative method was employed with multiple data collection tools like, document analysis and interview with concerned government officials at the federal and regional governments. Purposeful sampling techniques are applied to select the respondents. The investigation suggests that, the representation set up has an impact on regions with small number of representative in the HoF on the decision making process of subsidy allocation formula because of their marginal number of seats. Though the HoF represents all federated units, most seats of the House are constituted by some more populous and diversified regions and the minorities are not in a position to influence the decisions and safeguard their interests and their representations are nominal just to notify their concerns not to really participate and influence in the decisions of the House. Thus, the findings recommend that, the minority should gain adequate power on decision making process of the House to protect themselves from majoritarian decision
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    Origin Of opal Hosted in Volcanic Rocks At Koste – Amba and Gift Mariyam, North Shoa (Central – Eastern Ethiopia)
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2006-07) Ali, Seid; Ayalew, Dereje (PhD)
    Gemstone- quality opal in North Shoa /koste - Amba & Gift – Maryam localities is found in small amount. The opal – bearing rhyolitic glass is found situated at the topmost part of the Ethiopian flood basalt. It is sandwiched between an underlying rhyolite and an overlying volcanic lava composed of some stacks of superimposed basalt flows at the immediate top / just next to the weathered mantle of the rhyolitic glass. The main objective of the present study is to examine the origin of volcanic – hosted opal in Koste – Amba & Gift – Mariyam /North – Shoa, Amara - Region using petrographic description, major & trace element analysis, as well as x –ray diffraction(for samples collected from surficially altered part of the opal bearing rhyolitic glass/volcanic glass). Besides, it has been intended to establish the geological and geochemical conditions responsible for opal mineralization. The deposit is associated with surfically altered rhyolitic glass, i.e. this lithologic unit has the same mineralogical composition with the rhyolite. A cliff forming rhyolite characterized by alternating vesicular subunit with finely laminated subunit on the same lithology underlies the opal – bearing rhyolitic glass. The size of the vesicles in this underlying rhyolite increases from bottom to top. However, these vesicles are not filled with any secondary minerals like opal. Generally, opal accommodating lithologic unit of the study area is the rhyolitic glass/ volcanic glass, so that the mineralization seems to be highly influenced by lithology and other physico-chemical factors. Features related to opal, like gemmology, genesis (formation environments, associated minerals and rocks) are elaborated based on cumulative global findings Using results of major element analysis and TAS classification diagram, fresh rock samples are plotted in the field of basalt and rhyolite. Therefore, the host & parent rock of amorphous silica (SiO2 . nH2O) seems to be the rhyolitic glass /volcanic glass that presently accommodate opal. Samples have been taken from mantle material as well as from the fresh rhyolitic glass. According to the petrographic description, both fresh and mantle samples of the rhyolitic glass are found to have Sanidine and pyroxene main primary rock forming silicate minerals as well as zeolite. Pyroxene is found in trace amounts in the mantle material of the rhyolitIc glass but it is about 4% in the fresh rhyolitic glass. Besides both fresh & mantled rhyolitic glass contains high amount of volcanic glass and lesser amounts of opaque minerals & rock fragments. X-ray diffraction analysis that has been done on samples from the highly altered top part of the rhyolitic glass shows clay minerals (montmorillonite and kaolinite/ halloysite), zeolite minerals (Philippsite & mordenite), as well as silica (quartz & cristobalite). Deep surface weathering and a lack of detailed site investigations may obscure the difference between surface weathering process and post – volcanic hydrothermal activity. In the presence of this fact, (a) the formation of montmorillonite possibly from simultaneous surface weathering of sanidine and pyroxene that are contained in the rhyolitic glass or from the devitrification of volcanic glass fragments(shards) accompanied by the release of surplus silica to surrounding waters for the creation of opal mineralization in the study area ; (b) the occurrence of zeolite minerals(mordenite & philippsite) usually in earth surface weathering environments(with some exceptions where philippsite can occurs in saline - lake deposits, calcareous deep – sea sediments, hot – spring deposits) characterized by percolating ground water in acidic tephra; (c) the existence of opal – empted vesicular rhyolite and successive lava flows that underlies and overlies respectively the opal bearing horizon; all these together may exhibit that silica – rich waters derived from surface weathering processes can be the origin of opal in Koste – Amba & Gift – Mariyam localities. Besides, recommendation as what is to be done regarding further research works on the deposit is forwarded.
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    Outbound Logistics Of Medicines In Private Pharmacies In Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2017-08-19) Ali, Seid; Ensermu, Matiwos (Phd)
    Across low- and lower-middle income countries, the average availability of selected essential medicines has been reported to be low, 57% in public sector facilities and 65.1% in private facilities. Many studies have investigated public drug-supply systems, but only a few have looked into the private pharmaceutical sector in low-income countries. The aim of the study was to assess the outbound logistics of private pharmacies. A cross sectional study involving prospective data collection was conducted in selected private pharmacies in Addis Ababa, focusing on availability of essential medicines, inventory and store management and disposal practices. Face to face interview and observation was made to gather pertinent data using a modified version of the LIAT and WHO/HAI methodology. A total of 67 private pharmacies from Independent, Chain, Kenema and Hospital pharmacies were assessed. Results of the study revealed that the overall availability of selected essential medicines at private pharmacies during visit was 83.18%. Hospital pharmacies had higher availability of medicines compared to other private pharmacy groups in this study (p < 0.05). The major reason for stock out of essential medicines in studied private pharmacies was non-availability in the market while prescription pattern was the most important factor that determines level of inventory. When observing storage conditions of private pharmacies, this study found out that, for larger proportion (77.61%) of the private pharmacies, the storage conditions were at acceptable level (score ≥ 80). However, it was observed that majority of the pharmacies, 58 (86.6%), accumulated medicine wastes. The respondents were complaining that there are no ‘disposal firms’ for private pharmacies to dispose their accumulated medicine. In general, Private pharmacies in this study were neither engaged in reverse logistics of expired medicines nor willing to collect expired medicines from their patients which may lead to accumulation of medicine wastes or inappropriate disposal at households. Similarly, the study identified that the three most important challenges affecting SCM of private pharmacies were difficulty of obtaining continuous supply, disposal challenge and unethical business practice. It is recommended that the government should support drug-take-back program and establishment of environment friendly medicine disposal firms in Ethiopia.