Browsing by Author "Alemu, Abaya"

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    Environmental Implications of Pesticide Use and Application Practice Its on Beekeeping: Evidence from Gudeya Bila Woreda of East Wollega Zone in Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-02) Alemu, Abaya; Damene, Shimeles PhD
    The study was conducted to analyze the pesticide use, and its implications on beekeeping in Gudeya Bila woreda. The sampling frames for this particular study were rural farmers that found in different agroecological zone of Gudeya Bila woreda western Oromia. The survey was conducted among 312 households of which 304 were farmers and 8 were pesticide retailer. A pesticide risk assessment tool PRIMET was used to assess risks posed by pesticides. The result shown that most of respondents (66.35%) have traditional hives. Concerning pesticides use all respondents (100%) use chemical pesticides for agricultural purposes. All respondents indicated that they purchase pesticides from local dealer. Moreover, 79.5% of respondents buy pesticides without label. PRIMET based analysis revealed that ETR value of the six pesticides (Carbaryl, chlorpyrifos, diazinon, malathion, fipronil and profonefos) considered in this study were highly risky to honey bees in in-crop scenario and in possible risk range in off-crop scenario. The result showed that pesticide use and application practice of farmers were inappropriate and it needs awareness creation for farmers and retailer and reminding farmers to remove or cover beehives during application and flowering/ Use only after sunset. Farmer’s awareness on protecting the environment and application of pesticides considering protection of bees is found to be minimum. Proper risk communication strategy and awareness creation is important to curb the present danger to bees posed from dangerous pesticide application in the area.
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    Household Food Security, Nutrition and Wash Practices among Vegetable Producers in Dugda Woreda Oromia Region, Ethiopia: A Comparative Study
    (Addis Ababa University, 2021-11) Alemu, Abaya; Ashenafi, Mogessie Professor
    The main objective of this research was to assess the household food security, nutritional KAP and WASH practices in Dugda woreda, East Showa zone, Oromia Region, Ethiopia. Both qualitative and quantitative research methods were employed. Data was gathered from both primary and secondary sources. The survey questions were collected from 147 vegetable producers and an equal proportion of non-producers to evaluate the positive impacts of vegetable production on household food security status, nutritional and WASH practices. The result showed that the majority (61.2%) of vegetable producing households were food secure. Among the vegetable non-producers, only 15.6% of the households were food secure. The rest were either mildly (42.2%), moderately (25.2%) or severely (7%) food insecure. Fruit and vegetable crops generated more income to farmers than did traditional staple crops. About 49% of vegetable producing households get a monthly income of ETB 3000 or higher, whereas only 2.7% of vegetable non-producers get ETB 2001- 3000 per month. Less income leads to less purchasing power. Both vegetable producers (69.2%) and non-producers (76.7%) had good knowledge concerning appropriate household nutritional issues, though additional education on nutrition was needed. They understood the importance of feeding complementary foods to their children at six months of age in addition to breastfeeding. But they had poor practice and knowledge on feeding children with diversified diet. Appropriate nutritional practice was noted in 71.6% and 38.9% of vegetable producers and non-producers, respectively. Almost all respondents (86.4%) in both groups supposed that feeding children several times each day was difficult. Caregivers and mothers, thus, fed their children with less frequency and diet diversity. About 96% and 37% of vegetable producer and non-producer respondents, respectively, used piped water and appropriate practice on water sanitation was observed in 60.2% and 43.6% of vegetable producer and non-producer respondents, respectively. About 74.8% of vegetable producers and 50% of non-producers had good knowledge on critical time to wash hands. However, there were inappropriate practices in hand washing.