Browsing by Author "Alemayehu, Nega"

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    Automatic Text Summarization for Amharic Legal Judgments
    (Addis Ababa University, 2006-09) Adane, Helene; Alemayehu, Nega
    With the continuing fast growth of information and data today, it has become more and mo re urgent and important to find proper information efficiently, with some improved mechanisms Nowadays, people need much more information in work and life. The use of information techno logy such as the Internet makes information more easily accessible. However, people are having problems to easily get the information they want in a summarized way without wasting their time in the vast load of information made available to them . Thus, automatic text summarization draws substantial interest s incest provides a solution to the information overload problem people face in this digit al era. This work is concentrated on producing a prototype system of text summarization on Amharic legal judgments. The methodology employed is an extraction technique. Amharic legal judgments rendered by the supreme court of Ethiopia are selected in consultation with legal experts (lawyers , law instructor & students). The data selected in this manner are employed to generate the summaries Sentences in each judgment are classified in to different unit s according to their argumentative roles. From each argumentative unit , sentences with the highest weight at 20 % compression rate are extracted and presented as a summary . To evaluate the performance of the system, a random summary at similar compression rate is generated. Using extrinsic evaluation technique, the performance of the system summary and the random summary were compared with an ideal summary (human generated summary). The results obtained from the system are promising when compared with the random summary. To improve the performance of the system, sentences at 10% compression rate were extracted and the system's performance has improved. Therefore, the sentences extracted by the system summary using different extraction features are much closer to the manual (ideal) summary. The prototype text summarize has been developed using the Python programming language as a tool.
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    Development of Stemming Algorithm for Afaan Oromo Lanugage Text
    (Addis Ababa University, 2000-06) Mkeonnen, Wakshum; Alemayehu, Nega
    This paper reports the design and development of a stemming algorithm for Afaan 01'011100 language. Reviews of Afaan 01'011100 morphology, stemming algorithms, and other relevant materials were made. In Afaan 01'011100, inflectional and derivational affixations are the major word formation processes. The initial design of the stemming algorithm was based on free-context conflation procedures following the longest-match suffix removal approach. An accuracy rate of 71% was obtained from this initial attempt. The improved algorithm incorporated suffix, context-sensitive, and recording rules in the procedures. Before stemming, functional and frequently occurring words, which were compiled as stoplist, are excluded from the input term(s) to increase the efficiency of the stemmer. Procedures for prefix removal and for conflation of words formed by reduplication of first syl lable are also components of the modified algorithm. Using the modified stemmer an accuracy rate of 92% was gained from the test based on a sample of 1061 words. The percentage of errors recorded as understemming and overstemming were reduced to 4.58% and 2.5% respectively from 10.5% and 17.5% for the first version. A substantial decrease in size of sample text is achieved from this stemmer. The morphological complexity of the language is the main sources of errors for the resulting inaccuracies of the stemming algoritlun. For further improvement of the stemmer therefore, detailed study of afaan 01'011100 morphology is helpful. The result of this study in general shows the possibility of employing a stemming algorithm for conflating Afaan Oromo words.
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    National Labour Information Network for Ethiopia (NALLNET)
    (Addis Ababa University, 1992-06) Alemayehu, Nega; Neelameghan, A. (Prof.)
    Information is a vital resource in the economic development process. Information about labour enables us to utilise human resource and planning and implementation of projects. A number of organisation deal with matters directly or indirectly related to labour issues. Information is produced and used in those organisations. Labour information is also needed and used by other organisations and individuals in discharging productively their functions and responsibilities. Hence bringing together these parties in a network-like structure will be greatly help in coordination of efforts in processing data and sharing of information and resources. For the purpose of data and fact collection to study the existing situation and infrastructure facilities in the country, survey by questionnaire and interviews was conducted besides examining appropriate documents. A simple descriptive technique and systems approach are applied for data analysis purpose. The survey results indicate that existing labour information fac ility is inadequate and deficient. The organisat ion of data and information is very poor.~i ~ ~,i !'!'J t:lY1eth~!:" cr~.:!~ isa~~ j ('\ l:; concarnad with labour matters in a netwoLk-: ike structure could help to solve some of the existing problems and provide better services. It will be a single-window shopping for users of information. A plan for National Labour Information Network for Ethiopia (NALINET) is discussed. In order to initiate the networking formation of a Coordinating Body and Steering Committee are very suggested. The Committee will work on a number of technical and organisational issues. In the first phase, the Committee-will be involved in reviewing existing facilities and recommending meas?res for strengthening the infrastructure. as appropriate; and drafting a charter under which all participants of the network will work. The study identifies a number of functions that would be provided by each participant and focal point of the network and other issues that deserve the attention of concerned organisations and recommends measures to be taken.