Browsing by Author "Afework Gellete"

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    Tuberculosis and HIV Infection in Southern Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 1994-05) Afework Gellete; Derege Kebede
    A health institution based cross-sectional study was carried out in Shashemene town, Southern Ethiopia between September, 1993, and January, 1994, to determine the sero-prevalence and the clinical impact of HIV among newly diagnosed tuberculosis patients. The HIV-an"El15ooy was- determined-using the two ELISA procedures (Wellcozyme, Wellcome Diagnostics, Dar tford Kent England, and Du-pont assay, Singapore). A total of 450 tuberculosis patients aged 15 years and above were enrolled in the study. The overall HIV seroprevalence rate was 44.4%. The highest rate was observed in the age group 20-39 years. A slightly higher HIV-infection rate was found in males (46%) than in females (41%). Those divorced and widowed patients had higher proportion of HIV seropositivity. The HIV positivity rate was higher for extra-pulmonary than pulmonary form of tuberculosis (OR= 3.80; 95% CI: 1.49, 9.7). Higher proportion of sputum positive patients were HIV-posi tive compared to the sputum negative pulmonary tuberculosis patients (OR= 1.09; 95% CI: 0.64,1.85) though they manifested typical radiographic features (OR = 7.87; 95% CI: 4.39, 14.21).Significant differences positives than HIV negatives zoster, lymphadenopathy, oral were noted among HIV in manifesting herpes candidiasis, peripheral paranesthesia and chronic diarrhea. An alternative diagnostic approach is required to avoid missing HIV-related tuberculosis which is communicable to the general population. Other findings are discussed and recommendations made.