Browsing by Author "Adane Haile"

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    Antibiogram study of Salmonella and Escherichia coli isolates and assessment of KAP of poultry producers in conventional poultry farms in Hossana town, central Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2024) Habtamu Endale; Debela Abdeta; Mesfin Mathewos; Saliman Aliye; Adane Haile
    Antimicrobial resistance is a serious health threat to creatures that depend on antimicrobials for the prevention and relief of infections. Foodborne Salmonella and Esherchia coli O157:H7 are critical causes of antimicrobial resistance associated morbidity and mortality. Fast growing poultry production along with antimicrobial misuse is a critical hotspot for the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance. A cross-sectional study aimed at investigating the antimicrobial resistance pattern of Salmonella and E. coli O157:H7 by disc diffusion method and assessment of KAP of poultry producers was executed in conventional poultry farms in Hossana Town, Central Ethiopia from October 2023 to May 2024. Up on bacteriological, biochemical and serological tests, 27 Salmonella and 20 E. coli were isolated and identified from a total of 228 cloacal swabs and postmortem samples. In disc diffusion test, all Salmonella and E. coli isolates were resistant to tested antimicrobial agents. Salmonella was resistant to ampicillin (100%), sulfamethoxazole and cefoxitin (85.1%), tetracycline (77.8%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (74.1%), amoxicillin-clavulanic acid (66.6%), ceftriaxone and streptomycin (55.6%), ciprofloxacin (51.9%), ampicillin/sulbactam (48.1%), trimethoprim (44.4%) and cefotaxime (40.7%). It showed high susceptibility to meropenem (81.48 %), gentamicin (66.67%), chloramphenicol (81.48%) and azithromycin (81.48%). E. coli O157:H7 was resistant to ampicillin (100%), cefotaxime and tetracycline (90.00%), cefoxitin and trimethoprim (70.00%), sulfamethoxazole (65.00%), amoxicillin clavulanic acid and ceftriaxone (55.0%) and ampicillin/sulbactam (50.00%). It was highly susceptible to azithromycin 90.00%, gentamicin (75.00%), chloramphenicol (60.00%), ciprofloxacin (55.00%) and meropenem (50.00%). All Salmonella and 80.00% of E. coli exhibited MDR. A lower portion, 22.20%, 19.44% and 25.00% of the poultry producers have good knowledge, attitude and practice on AMU and AMR, respectively. Poultry farms in the study site were found crucial hotspots for AMR Salmonella and E. coli and the low KAP levels of the poultry producers further exacerbate antimicrobial misuse and AMR spread. Monitoring antimicrobial dispensing, awareness of stakeholders on AMR prevention, and improving poultry producers' KAP on antimicrobial use and resistance are paramount to tackling this global problem.
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    Avoiding Change Management Pitfalls During Erp Systems in Ethiopia: Lessons from Success and Failure Stories
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Adane Haile; Lemma Lessa (PhD)
    This research focuses on identifying and understanding the common obstacles that organizations encounter during the implementation of ERP systems in Ethiopia. The study aims to address the challenges faced by both private and governmental organizations in Ethiopia during ERP system implementation and determine the key factors that contribute to successful outcomes. By analyzing both successful and unsuccessful cases, the research aims to provide valuable insights into effective strategies for managing change in this specific context. The study emphasizes the importance of clear communication, committed leadership, employee engagement, comprehensive training and support, as well as the identification of change agents and champions as crucial factors for successful ERP implementation. By examining various change and change management models and utilizing a case study research design, the study seeks to gain insights into the changes introduced during the initiation of ERP projects within organizations. To achieve these objectives, questionnaires were distributed to employees from five organizations. More than 20 participants from each organization provided their responses. The research aims to recognize and gain a comprehensive understanding of the prevailing obstacles organizations face during ERP system implementation. By investigating tactics and methodologies that can help organizations overcome these challenges, the research aims to contribute to successful ERP implementation. Key factors identified for motivating employees and ensuring successful implementation include effective communication of changes, addressing resistance to change, and providing adequate support and training.