Browsing by Author "Abebe, Mekonnen"

Now showing 1 - 5 of 5
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Challenges of Youth Revolving Credit Fund Implementation in Addis Ababa City Administration: A Case of Gulele sub city (Woreda 7 & 8)
    (A.A.U, 2021-09) Abebe, Mekonnen; Berhie, Shumey (PhD)
    The purpose of this study was to identify the challenges of Youth Revolving Credit Fund (YRF) implementation in Addis Ababa City Administration taking the case of Gulele sub city (Woreda 7 & 8). The study specifically aimed at assessing how Lack of Government Support, the credit procedures, the administrative commitment of the top management, and attitude of the beneficiary youths affect the implementation of the Youth Revolving Credit Fund in Gulele Sub-city of Addis Ababa City Administration. In attaining the objectives, the study employed a case study design with a mix of both a qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The study used a closed ended questionnaire and open-ended interview to collect primary data. Descriptive statistics was used to analyze frequencies, and percentages. Data analysis was conducted using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS). The study findings were presented using tables and figures. The findings revealed that Manufacturing and Construction are the major sectors that Youth Revolving Fund program beneficiaries are involved followed by Trade, Service and Urban Agriculture. Lack of alternative job and the accessibility of YRF are the major reasons for the youths to start their business. The most difficult pre-conditions to get the Youth Revolving Fund are put in the order of getting loyal, committed and long-lasting business member for association, ten percent advance saving, legal requirements like license, authentication and tax identification number, getting of suitable business location and work place, prepare and summit sound and acceptable business proposal. Youth revolving fund beneficiary’s perception to micro and small-scale enterprise and its output were negative. The effort of government to change the attitude of youth revolving fund beneficiaries about micro and small-scale enterprise’s role, hard work habit and job creation were limited. There is a limited management experience in transforming the fund to the Youth Revolving Fund beneficiaries. Also, management ability in creating internal and external relationship is low. Credit procedure is not encouraging and there is a belief that Political favoritism is the main criterion for obtaining loan. Governments` support towards financial institutions to provide fund, training and skill upgrading for youth business leaders and entrepreneurs as well as the required business infrastructure arranged by the government is limited. Furthermore, the startup working capital provide to Youth Revolving Fund beneficiaries is not sufficient and didn`t found the right place to work. Most of the beneficiaries are not familiar with business/financial information. The study concluded that based on the findings and suggest recommendation based on the conclusions made.
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Development of solid waste management strategy For hossana town
    (Addis Ababauniversity, 2012-10) Abebe, Mekonnen; Worku, Hailu (PhD)
    Solid waste, which is a result of day-to-day activities of human kind, needs to be managed in a proper manner. Hossana town, like other towns in Ethiopia, faces serious problems associated with poorly solid waste management system. This study is conducted with the objectiveto develop the solid waste management strategy in Hossana town. Different sampling methods were employed to select the study units like clustered sampling, systematic random sampling, and purposive sampling. Even thoughmost of the collected data from the interviewed households were qualitative in nature, it was also supported by quantitative information collected through survey and secondary sources. The study identified that the existing solid waste management problems are highly pronounced due to: no system is introduced for sorting wastes, no community bins (shared containers) for collecting household wastes, piles of solid wastes are often found everywhere (along roadsides, underneath bridges, in drainage channels and in other open spaces), weak implementation of government policy, laws, regulations and legislations, the general public has not been motivated to participate actively in solid waste management system, there are no formal and informal as well as private sectors involved in the operation, insufficient financial resources or inappropriate allocation of available resources, and poor institutional arrangements. The solid waste management strategies developed for the Hossana town have a number of importance for minimizing the problems that faced the current municipality’s proper solid waste management system.Finally, the study forwarded some important recommendations towards implementing the developed strategies to mitigate the existing solid waste management problems. Key words: Waste, Solid Waste, Solid waste management, solid waste management strategies
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Electrical Conduction in Amorphous Trinitro - Nine - Fluorenone and Selenium
    (Addis Ababa University, 1992-06) Abebe, Mekonnen
    The theories of electronic structures in amorphous semiconductors are reviewed. The effectiveness of the study of electrical conductions particularly the SCLC, TSC and transient photoconductivity, in providing a wealth of information on electronic properties of disordered solids also discussed. Analytic equations describing the above three conduction properties are also developed. Experimental study of the SCLC, TSC and transient photoconductivity is made fora_TNF and a-Se. Distinctly from the models that are based on the assum~ tions of discrete or uniform distributions of traps in energy, our experimental works on a~TNF and a-Se indicate the existence of energetically dispersed charge carriers trapping states. The observed space charge limited mode of conduction and its temperature sensitivity is found to be best describable interms of a smoothly varying distributions. The Gaussian distribution seems more realistic for the interpretation of experimental results in a~TNF and a~e. Both hopping and multiple trapping models are used in interpreting the transient photo-conductivity experimental results for a-TNF and a.,.Se respectively. Drift mobilities of charge carriers are seen to exhibit an activated nature and also found to be field dependent in a manner similar to the poole~Frenkel mechanism. For an explanation of the dispersive hole transport in a-Se interms of the multiple trapping model, the theoretical predictions developed on the basis of a Gaussian distribution is found to agree with experimental results more satisfactorily. The study of thermally stimulated current characteristics in a-TNF near the glass transition temperature, Tg, renders an activation energy which is significantly different from results of low temperature TSC analysis. Rather, it is nearly identical to the zero field extrapolated activation energy computed from transient photo conductivity experiments. There by indicates this energy parameters to contain the disorder induced term
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Optical and Electronic Correlation Effects in Semiconductor Nanostructures with Emphasis on Silicon Nanostructure
    (Addis Ababa University, 2011-04) Abebe, Mekonnen
    In this thesis we theoretically investigated static and dynamic correlation effects in semiconductor nanostructures. Structural inhomogneity and confinement quantization effects make this class of materials exhibit exotic properties under different experimental conditions. Time dependent coupling of the local states under time dependent perturbations and the fluctuation of the proximity couplings in the length scale of tunneling give rise to dynamical correlations that put their signature in the optical and transport properties. Based on the Orbital Free Local Density Approximation (OF-LDA), the exchange and correlation contribution to the orbital energy and the size dependent nature of the threshold for optical absorption are studied. The effects of dynamical correlations between the states in a single nanostructure and the effects of dynamical correlations between the states in proximity coupled configurations are investigated with the Non Equilibrium Green Function Formalism (NEGF) as the theoretical frame work. The theoretical formulation of the non equilibrium dynamical analysis is used to describe the coherent regime optical and transport phenomena in semiconductor nanostructures. The results demonstrate that the presence of strong coupling between electronic states in semiconductor nanostructures leads to the formation of d states. First we have shown the emergence of collapse and revival phenomenon during the coherent regime absorption in a single dot. We presented qualitative and quantitative description of the Rabi oscillation. The dependence on the mean photon number and on the strength of the couplings between electronic states is demonstrated. We found that similar phenomenon in a wide range of many body system could be satisfactorily described assuming entanglement of the lower levels. Secondly, we theoretically investigated correlation effects in tunnel coupled nanostructures. The quantum blockade phenomenon in wide experimental samples is v explored. The appearance of double dot structures as a time shared entangler is predicted. It is also found that the presence of a transparent boundary between quantum dots lead to the formation of local entangled states that are too difficult for experimental demonstration. Lastly the possible technological value of a double dot –in series configuration is presented. Its operation as electron-spin polarization is discussed and its potential for application as IR detector is proposed
  • No Thumbnail Available
    Item
    Students' Perception and the Significance of Feedback in the Writing Class: A Case Study of Bole Senior and Preparatory School
    (Addis Ababa University, 2009-06) Abebe, Mekonnen; Gebru, Amanuel (Ass. Prof)
    The main purpose of the study was to explore students' perception and significance of feedback in the writing class. The specific objectives were to: a) investigate factors responsible in affecting students' perception of the significance of feedback on their writing. b) examine how students handle the feedback they receive and the strategies they use to apply to their subsequent writings. c) asses if students have problems in interpreting the teacher's responses, and d) examine whether or not teachers encourage their learners to act onl reinforce the comments provided. In order to achieve the above objectives, data was collected using questionnaire and collected data was verified using interviews. Out of the total population of grade 11 students of the Bole Senior Secondary and Preparatory School, 114 (12%) students were taken to be subjects of the study. The interview of those 30 students was audio recorded and transcription was done later. The result of the study revealed that students feel that the feedback is useful and it helps them improve their writing, to be aware of their mistakes, identify their errors, and correct their weak points. Regarding students' strategies of handling teachers' comments, it was found that students reread their essays to refresh their memories enough to give the teacher's comments a meaningful context for interpretation and give considerable attention to it when they get their paper back. It was also found that students have difficulties in understanding teachers' feedback out of which comments provided in the form of phrases are the most common ones. Besides, the data analysis and discussions showed that students are encouraged to incorporate the comments provided in various ways such as class work and home work writing tasks, and in the essay examinations. On the basis of the findings, it was recommended that teachers should be able to provide adequate, clear and easily understandable feedbacks so as to enable students to use it appropriately and convey the intended message.