Browsing by Author "Dame Abera,"

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    Ethnic Conflict: Perceived Causes, Actors, Psychosocial and Economic Consequences and Challenges of Displaced Persons the Case of Sululta Site IDP Shelters
    (Addis Ababa University , 2021-03) Negussu Abebe; Dame Abera,
    The conflict that took place between the Oromo and Somali communities in Ethio-Somali region between 2017 through 2020 was one among the many waves of conflicts that displaced citizens. The present study attempted to examine the perceived causes, main actors psychosocial, consequences and challenges of those people who were displaced from their habitual places of residence and resettled at three Sululta IDP camp sites. The study has employed concurrent triangulation research design which means both qualitative & quantitative data were collected from both primary and secondary sources. Participants were selected using stratified random sampling technique, and a representative sample size of 297(only 220 responses returned back) adults were drawn through simple random sampling technique for the quantitative data and purposive sampling was employed for the qualitative data. The quantitative data was collected through a questionnaire, and the qualitative data through FGD, unstructured interview questions and household observation. As to the method of data analysis, the thematic approach was used for the qualitative data, and the quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics such as frequencies and percentages with the help of SPSS Version 24. The result of the study revealed that ethnic based systematic conspiracy of political authorities at local, regional and central levels were mostly found to be one of the main causes and major actors for the conflict and gave way for their eviction from their original places of residence. Furthermore, economic impoverishment, malnutrition, shortage of potable pipe water, poor housing, lack of health facilities & sanitation and absolute poverty were mentioned by the respondents to be their present critical economic problems, and loss of lives of loved ones; feeling of negative emotions like hopelessness; despair & bitterness; separation from family & relatives; lack of trust in the state; feeling of distress & development of victim mental attitude & traumatic mental experiences have been marked as the most serious psychosocial problems they faced at their campsite and that need an urgent call of both the GOs & NGOs in order to prevent their life from further deterioration to a more severe economic and psychosocial disorder levels
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    Psychological Distress and Burnout among Health Professionals during Covid-19 Pandemic In Menelik-Ii Referral Hospital
    (Addis Ababa University , 2021-08) Tito Mengistu; Dame Abera,
    Frontline health professionals are under a great deal of stress, including a high risk of suspected or confirmed COVID-19 infection, a potential resource shortage, as well as a job overload. The objective was assess the magnitude of psychological distress and burnout among health professionals and statistically significant difference of health professionals who had contact history of COVID -19 suspected and/or confirmed patients during the (COVID-19) outbreak in Menillik II referral hospital. A descriptive survey was conducted using simple random sampling techniques with 272 of health professionals who has been working in Menellik-II referral hospital Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. An independent t-test and/or one-way ANOVA for testing variation at 95% confidence interval and P-value < 0.05were used to compare means of independent variables. A P-value less than 0.05 will consider being statistically significant in all cases. Magnitude of burnout and psychological distress was assessed by validated English language version of the Maslach Burnout Inventory and Kessler 10 scale respectively. Clean data was coded, entered, and analyzed by using computer software SPSS version 20. About 258 (96.7% response rate) respondents completed the questionnaire and used for analysis. The participants were included 24% special or general doctor, 34.1% BSc nurse, 22.5% health officer, 6.2% Midwifery, 4.3% Laboratory technician and 8.9% others types health professionals. A 229(88.7%) of health professionals were had a direct contact history with patients of COVID-19 confirmed or suspected during work time. A health professionals who had contact history of Covid-19 confirmed or suspected clients were developed 130(56.7%) moderate, 90(39.3%) high and 2 (0.8%) very high psychological distress. As well as from health professionals who had contact history of Covid-19 confirmed or suspected clients were recorded 88 moderate to high emotional exhaustion, 190 moderate to high depersonalization and 192 moderate to high personal accomplishments. Male nurses, female Midwifery, male Laboratory technician, and others types of female health professionals were recorded high prevalence of psychological distress and burnout. There is a statistically significant difference in psychological distress, personal accomplishment, and emotional exhaustion, but not in depersonalization scores between health profession types. There is a statistically significant difference in psychological distress and burnout scores between working areas or wards of the health profession. This study shows more than half of health professionals were categorized as having mild to severe psychological distress and burnout in related to the COVID-19 pandemic and other factors. About 0.8% of the health professionals in surveyed hospital considered that they might need psychological or psychiatric treatment in the future. Regular assessment of the prevalence of burnout and psychological distress within hospitals and other health systems of health professionals in might help to identify risk factors or protective factors for burnout, psychological distress and other mental disorders; this would benefit individuals and health systems/organization.