Pediatrics and Child Health

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Browsing Pediatrics and Child Health by Author "Bayana, Ebissa"

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    Pattern of Disease, Outcome & Associated Factors Among Neonates Admitted to Neonatal Intensive Care Unit at Jimma University Medical Center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018.
    (2018-06) Bayana, Ebissa; Gela, Debela (MSc)
    Background:Neonatal period is a susceptible time in which the newborn has to adapt to a totally new environment and is vulnerable to many problems, which may even be life threatening. Neonataldisease pattern changes from time to time and place to place. Analyzing the neonatal admission pattern helps health care givers and policy makers to design better strategies. Objective: This study aimed to assess the pattern of diseases, outcome and associated factors among neonates admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at Jimma university medical center, Jimma, Southwest Ethiopia, 2018. Methods:Retrospective cross-sectional study design was conducted from March 15 to 30, 2018 among neonates admitted over a period of two years (January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017) on 341 samples. Systematic random sampling technique was employed to get required samples from database. Data was collected using structured questionnaire by 4 trained diploma nurses. Data was entered to Epi-data 3.1 and exported to SPSS Version 23 for analysis.Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the association between dependent and independent variables and P-value <0.05 at 95% CI was declared statistically significant association. Finally statement, tables, charts and graphs were used for data presentation. Results:Of the total, 61.9 % were male, majority (66.9%) of them lives outside of Jimma town and 60.1% of them were inborn. The main disease patterns identified were neonatal sepsis (19.9%), prematurity (14.0%) and hyaline membrane disease (11.9%). More than half (55.56%) ofneonates were admitted in the first 24 hours. Regarding their outcome, 81.52% of admittedneonates were improved and 18.48% were died. Prematurity andperinatal asphyxia were factors associated with increased risk of death [P<0.001, AOR= 0.26, 95%CI: (0.14, 0.46)] and[P<0.05, AOR=0.44, 95% CI: (0.21, 0.91)] consecutively. Conclusion:Neonatal sepsis, prematurity, and hyaline membrane disease were the most frequently occurring diseases. Preterm, Primipara and out born were predictors of pattern of diseases whereas prematurity and perinatal asphyxia were predictors of death. The death rate was high which accounted 18.42 % which showed need of quality of care improvement. Therefore adequate resource should be put in place to improve neonatal outcomes.