Radiology

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Browsing Radiology by Author "Alemu Natnael"

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    Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonia Patterns and Correlation with Spirometry Studies in Tikur Anbessa specialized Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-01-23) Alemu Natnael; Azemera Gissila
    Background: Idiopathic interstitial pneumonias are widespread interstitial lung diseases with no known cause. The diseases are characterized by a steady decline in dyspnea and lung function. Objective: To assess the patterns of interstitial idiopathic pneumonias and investigate the correlation between the extent of lung involvement on High-Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) with spirometric findings in Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital(TASH) chest clinic, covering the period from February 2020 to February 2023. Methods: An institutional-based retrospective, descriptive cross-sectional study design was used. All cases with a diagnosis of IIPs who have HRCT and spirometry within a 3-month window were included in this study. Finally, Pearson correlation test was used with less than 0.05 significance 2-tailed value taken as a cut-off. Then the information is presented using simple frequencies, summary measures, tables and figures. Result: There were 54 patients diagnosed with IIPs. The overall median age of the patients was 53.9 ± 15.4. NSIP was the commonest interstitial lung disease diagnosed. Ground glass opacity was the most dominant HRCT feature identified. Pearson correlation tests (p < 0.05) to examine the correlation between lung involvement and spirometry parameters, as well as pulse oximetry-measured oxygen saturation. All spirometry parameters (FVC, FEV1, PEF, FEF 25-75%) and oxygen saturation demonstrated a significant negative correlation with lung involvement. The strongest correlations were observed with FVC (r = -0.827) and FEV1 (r = -0.789), both with p < 0.001. Oxygen saturation showed a moderate correlation (r = -0.49, p < 0.001), while PEF and FEF 25-75% exhibited weak correlations (r = 0.39, p = 0.003, and r = -0.38, p = 0.005, respectively). Conclusion and recommendations: There was a significant negative correlation between FVC and FEV1 and extent of lung involvement identified by HRCT in idiopathic interstitial pneumonias(IIPs). Suggesting a pivotal role of pulmonary function tests (PFTs), specifically FVC, in monitoring IIP progression, supported by HRCT for diagnostic clarity. To enhance IIPs patient care, routine PFTs, particularly FVC, are recommended for monitoring