Center for Early Childhood Care and Education

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https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/1664

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Browsing Center for Early Childhood Care and Education by Author "Fantahun Admas (PhD)"

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    Comparative Analysis of Nutritional Status among 4 to 6 year old Preschool Children of Government and Private Schools in Lideta sub city, Addis Ababa
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Eyerusalem Getachew; Fantahun Admas (PhD)
    The study aimed to assess the nutritional status of 4 to 6-year-old preschool children attending government and private preschools. Two schools were selected in Lideta sub-city by using simple random sampling technique and 30 students from government and 30 from private were also selected by using simple random sampling technique. Two data collection instruments; anthropometry measurement and questionnaire were used. Data, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected and processed using SPSS version 27. AnthroPlus software version 1.0.4, a user-friendly tool, assessed children's growth and nutritional status using standardized reference data. The analysis included descriptive stats (percentile and frequency) and inferential stats (regression and t-test), with the binary logistic model applied. Results from the anthropometry measurement reveals that more children in private schools fall within the normal weight category 25(83.3%) compared to government schools 21(70%). Private schools also have a more significant proportion of children with standard height 21(70%) than government schools 16 (53.3%). Similarly, more students in private schools have a normal BMI 28 (93.3%) compared to government school students 24 (80%). These findings indicate that children in private schools exhibit slightly better nutritional status concerning weight, height, and BMI when compared to their counterparts in government schools. Based on the data collected total monthly household income and fathers' employment status were identified as significant factors positively influencing nutritional status, particularly in weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI. However, it was observed that other variables, including the education level of mothers and fathers, the employment status of mothers, primary sources of parental nutrition knowledge, confidence regarding nutritional knowledge, and challenges related to providing a balanced diet, did not demonstrate a statistically significant impact on the nutritional status of children, as assessed by weight-for-age, height-for-age, and BMI measurements. On the other hand, there is no statistically difference in weight for age, height for age and body mass index (BMI) between governmental and private preschool. thus, it is recommended that future research focusing on nutritional status should incorporate a comprehensive analysis of nutrient intake. It would provide a more in-depth understanding of the factors influencing children's nutritional well-being, which can guide more targeted interventions and policies and should Conduct studies in a broader range of schools by Expanding the scope of research to encompass various school settings to conduct studies in a broader range of schools and expanding the scope of research to encompass various school settings.
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    Early Childhood Care Practices and Values of Families of North Shewa, Amhara Cultural Background
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Hiwot Mekonnen; Fantahun Admas (PhD)
    This thesis aims to describe, analyze, and understand the early childhood care practices and values of families with North Shewa Amhara cultural background. The study has taken a qualitative method of inquiry, which allowed the investigation of the phenomenon more deeply by observing the life of three families living in North Shewa Zone Metikoria village, Goshebado village, and Debirebirhan city. The study's design is Ethnography because ethnography as a research design is highly suitable to study the culture and practices of a group of people in their natural setting. In this research, it was critical to employ ethnography in order to closely explore the different care practices that families, especially mothers, implement to support the development of their children and to examine the meanings and values underlying the care practices to support the development of their children., And to examine how these practices are influenced by social, cultural, and historical factors. The parents, grandparents, parents, siblings, and the children themselves from the three households served as the main sources of data. A detailed examination of the families' actual lives was documented. Due to their knowledge and experience with indigenous health care and their close association with the families, practitioners of traditional medicine were also discussed. 20 interviews with 5 parents, 5 children, 3 older siblings, 4 grandparents (community elders), and 3 indigenous medicine practitioners. and various field notes were collected in a period of six months’ time. The analysis of the study is presented thematically based on two global themes that respond to the two research questions. The different practices related to health, nutrition, safety, cleanliness, learning, and stimulation of young children are presented in detail and their values are unpacked. The study encourages applying culturally responsive and appropriate approaches to early childhood care that respect and value the uniqueness of the communities children come from. Likewise, it highlights that childhood programs can benefit greatly from the rich indigenous values and practices documented in this study. The findings also indicate the importance of producing more research on the subject because there is a lot of learning and insight that could be generated from the various cultures in Ethiopia.
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    Parenting Style and Preschool Children's Social competence: The case of private preschools in Huruta Town
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-10) Mahder Siyoum; Fantahun Admas (PhD)
    The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between parenting styles and preschool children’s social competence. The study employed quantitative research approach and cross-sectional research design. The data were collected from randomly selected 125 children and their parents, using the social-competence scale and the parenting dimensions questionnaire (PSDQ).The data analysis was carried out using descriptive and inferential statistical methods. In particular, percentage, frequency, cross-tabulation, independent sample t-test, correlation and regression were used. The results revealed that the more of children had 43(34.4%) an average social competence score. Moreover, the results indicated that authoritative parenting style (59) (47.2%) was the most practiced parenting style among parents. There were no statistically significant differences (t) (-0.426) =123, P>0.05 between male and female children across mean scores in measures of social competence. The relationship between authoritative parenting style and social competence scores was strong positive and significant(r=0.884, p<0.01). However, the relationship between authoritarian(r=-0.278, p<0.01) and Permissive (r=-0.381, p<0.01) parenting styles with social competence scores of children were weak, negative and significant As a result, it is reasonable to conclude that authoritative parenting style related positively with children's social competence. In combination, the parenting styles 77.7% predicting factor of children's social competencies. Finally, critical recommendations were forwarded for parents, and other concerned stakeholders in order to assist, aware parenting and enhance parenting practices.
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    Play-based Learning in Pre-primary Schools: Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices of School Teachers in Addis Ababa specifically Gullele Sub City. BY: Yetbark W/tsadik June, 2024 Addis Ababa,
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Yetbark W/tsadik; Fantahun Admas (PhD)
    The purpose of this research was to investigate pre-primary school teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards play based learning. The study employed mixed methods research design specifically a concurrent embedded research method. Quantitative data were collected from a total of 135 pre-primary school teachers who were selected through simple random sampling. For the qualitative data, pre-primary school teachers were also selected purposefully. Accordingly, to obtain relevant data, the researcher utilized both self-developed and adapted questionnaire consisting of a total of 26 closed-ended items, semi-structured interviews, observations, and document reviews. The results of the study showed that pre-primary school teachers have adequate knowledge, positive attitude, and appropriate practice towards play-based learning. However, the correlation results revealed weak positive correlations between knowledge and attitude, knowledge and practices that is not statistically significant. The strongest correlation exists between attitude and practice. It is recommended that pre-primary school teachers need to take refresher courses in play based learning.
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    The relationship between violent television program content viewing and children’s aggressive behavior in pre-school students: in Bole sub city
    (Addis Ababa University, 2023-10) Kassahun Tadele; Fantahun Admas (PhD)
    The purpose of this research was to investigate the relationship between violent television program content and children’s aggressive behavior in selected pre-school students in Bole sub city, Addis Ababa. Participants were selected using simple random sampling methods. Data were collected from sample respondents using a 5 point likert-type scale questionnaire. The study used descriptive research design. The result of the study showed that children spent watching violent content television programs (accounting for 51.1%, spend a duration of 6 to 9 hours viewing television programs) and it had relationship with their aggressive behavior. All violent television program contents have high and positive significant correlation with the children’s aggressive behavior. There was also a significant gender differences in aggressive behavior of pre-school children boys are more aggressive as compare to girls (mean score of 4.30 with a standard deviation of 1.159). Based on the finding, it’s recommended that, parents should monitor which TV shows their children watch and not readily allow their children to watch violent TV or video show. Furthermore, to bridge the gap the concerned bodies especially teachers and other school management bodies are responsible and in charge of children at school to shape and give direction on how to be gentle and prudent enough for their futurity. . Key words: Aggressive behavior, television program, violent contents