Pharmacology

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Browsing Pharmacology by Author "Ababu, Yitayal"

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    Cardiometabolic syndrome among HIV patients on protease inhibitors based anti-retroviral treatment at Zewuditu Memorial Hospital
    (Addis Ababa University, 2019-10) Ababu, Yitayal; Dr.Mequanente, Solomon; Prof.Makonnen, Eyasu; Dr.Shawamare, Aster
    The human immunodeficiency virus is a human T-cell lymphotropic retrovirus of the lentivirus subgroup that induces immune-suppression and causes the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Antiretroviral therapy (ART) has definitely decreased mortality and increased the quality of life of affected individuals but using highly active anti-retroviral therapy (HAART) containing especially protease inhibitors (PIs) in HIV infection management has led to increased prevalence of cardiometabolic syndrome (CMS). Although several studies on CMS in HIV-positive patients on HAART, and the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) has been conducted in many countries, there are few researches especially on PIs conducted in Ethiopia. Therefore, the aim of this study was to narrow this gap and determine the magnitude of CMS components including hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes to identify the risk of CVD among HIV-positive patients on HAART. Hospital based prospective cohort study was conducted at Zewditu Memorial Hospital between March 2018 to December 2018. The source population included all HIV patients who were on chronic HAART follow up. All HIV patients that met the inclusion criteria were recruited over a four-month period. Socio-demographic, medical history, behavioral and dietary exposures were obtained from patient self-report data using a structured questionnaire. The data were entered and processed using SPSS version 23 statistical software. Ethical clearance was obtained from Institutional Review Board of the College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University and Addis Ababa Health Bureau. One hundred forty patients, 52 males (37.1%) and 88 females (62.9%) were included in the study. Using Adult Treatment Pannel III criteria 59 patients (42.1%) were diagnosed for the presence of CMS. The prevalence of hypertension, hypertriglyceridemia, impaired fasting glucose (IFG) and abnormal waist circumference were 50.0%, 65.7%, 67.1% and 47.1%, respectively. In multivariate analysis, having abnormal BMI, i.e., over weight (AOR: 4.87, CI: 1.49-15.69) and total cholesterol ≥ 200 mg/dl (AOR: 3.67, CI: 1.17-11.49) were independently associated with CMS. High prevalence of CMS (42.1%) among HIV infected patients receiving PIs was observed. Prevalence in CMS components was also higher, IFG being the most prevalent one.