School of Psychology

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http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/156

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Browsing School of Psychology by Author "Abebaw Minaye (PhD)"

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    Assessing Protection Support and Access to Public Services of the Eritrean Refugees in Alemwach Settlement, Dabat Woreda, Amhara Region
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024) Tamirat Mezgebu; Abebaw Minaye (PhD)
    The primary aim of this study was to assess the protection support and access to public services for Eritrean refugees in the Alemwach Settlement, situated in the Dabat woreda, Amhara Region. For this study 216 refugee community members were participated and also including refugee committee, different stalk holders from GO and NGO participated for FGD and KII. The participants included Eritrean refugees living in the Alemwach settlement in Dabat, Amhara. The study addressed three main research questions. A mixed-methods approach was utilized, combining both quantitative and qualitative data collection methods. The qualitative methods included: Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) with refugee community members and stakeholders from both government organizations (GOs) and non-governmental organizations (NGOs).34 participants were part of the FGD with different sessions. Key Informant Interviews (KIIs) with service providers, humanitarian organizations, and government officials based in Dabat. For quantitative method two Standardized questionnaires for social and psychological wellbeing of refugees were employed. The research also used secondary documents. The study examined how Eritrean refugees receive support and protection services from government and nongovernmental organizations in the Alemwach settlement. The findings revealed that access to basic public services for Eritrean refugees is inadequate due to various challenges, including logistical issues and insufficient infrastructure. The study explored the psychological challenges faced by refugees, who were secondarily displaced from former camps in the Tigray region to Alemwach in the Amhara region. Using a standardized psychological and social wellbeing scale, the study found that while most refugees have adjusted to their new environment, some still need additional psychosocial support due to past traumatic experiences. Despite these challenges, both the refugee and host communities generally maintained a positive outlook. The study assessed how refugees access and share public services with the host community, following the UNHCR’s integrated area based approach. The results identified gaps and challenges in accessing shared services, such as healthcare and education. Several unmet needs were highlighted, including camp security, opportunities for social interaction and participation, movement restrictions, and access to education and health services. The study also identified significant unmet psychosocial needs and gaps between the services required by refugees and those provided by agencies and humanitarian organizations, largely due to budget constraints. Key unmet needs include: Security within the camp; Opportunities for social interaction and participation; Freedom of movement.; Access to education and health services; Legal needs, such as documentation for new births and ID cards and Proof of registration for refugees. A simple descriptive analysis was conducted to understand the support provided to the Eritrean refugee community and their access to basic public services in the Alemwach settlement. The findings underscore the need for improved support mechanisms and better service provision to meet the needs of Eritrean refugees in the region. Key words: protection support; Eritrean refugees; access to public services; psychosocial support, unmet needs
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    Cross-Border Migration: Explaining Migration Intention from Selected Psychosocial Variables in South Wollo
    (Addis Ababa Universty, 2023-03-15) Abebe Kibret; Abebaw Minaye (PhD)
    Migration has become one of the challenging global issues of the twenty-first century. Therefore, analyzing future migration is essential to develop clear strategies to manage actual migration. This research aimed to investigate predictors of emigration intention and the interaction effect of social network and sex between those predictors and migration intention. A sample of 701high school students who were selected using multistage random sampling participated in the research. Exploratory Factor Analysis and Confirmatory Factor Analysis were employed to explore the dimension and loading of items respectively. To test the moderation effect of social network on migration intention and the predictor variables, structural equation modeling was employed using Amos version 27. As the finding indicates 54 % of participants expressed a desire to migrate abroad. The findings also revealed that there is a statistically significant difference in mean between female and male migration intentions (t(699) =12, P< .01). The global Chi-square test indicates sex significantly moderates the connection between the predictor variables and migration intention. The finding indicated that Attitude towards migration, National pride, subjective social norm, and perceived behavioral control predict youths’ migration intention. The result also revealed that social network strengthens the negative correlation between place attachment and intention to migrate only if the individuals have a high social network abroad. Social network of the youth is also found to moderate the relationship between attitude toward migration and migration intention. Therefore, strategies how to change the attitude of adolescents should be designed by NGOs, Government and Scholars in the area in collaboration with community members. Frequent training to adolescents about the consequences of migration should be intensively provided. Since it is the age of learning, teachers, families and communities need to work on adolescents to give priorities on their education. Key Words: Attitude: Migration Intention; National Pride; Perceived behavioral control; Place Attachment; Social Network and Subjective Social Norm
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    Typology and Mechanisms of Ethnic-based Online Hate Speech in Ethiopia: A Grounded Theory Approach
    (Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Tadesse Megersa; Abebaw Minaye (PhD)
    Using language that devalues others is known to be the royal road to enemy-making, identity based conflict, and genocide. Parallel to the explosive growth of social media users in Ethiopia, ethnic-based hate speech has increased to the point where it is ripping Ethiopian society apart and threatening the values of democracy, human dignity, and peaceful coexistence. The present grounded theory-inspired study aims to explore the types of ethnic-based hate speech, how it occurs, and how social media users react to hate speech posts on social media. In order to address these objectives, relevant social media contents are collected from a few purposefully selected social media accounts or pages, from Facebook, YouTube news Channels, and Twitter platforms. Using a broader working definition and a checklist, hate speech data was manually collected, while comments given to a few of the hate speech posts were automatically extracted using a web link called exportcomment.com. In addition to social media content, six interviews were also conducted to support the findings obtained from the analysis of social media content. The collected data are stored in dataset, one by one until data saturation is reached. After immersion into the dataset, the analysis is guided by inductive coding as well as relevant grounded theory principles such as constant comparative analysis. Through inductive coding, hence, codes, concepts, and categories are generated and presented with thick descriptions. The finding shows four types of hate speech (dehumanization, enemification, devaluation, and attacking and repelling), three core categories of mechanisms (earned reputation, trolling and poaching, and user-fallibility), and five roles of users in reacting to hate speech posts (trolling, pacemaking, peacemaking, guarding, and informing). In addition, the findings show four interrelated contexts in which the hate speeches were framed: competition and disagreement over history and resources, the conflict in the Northern part of Ethiopia, lack of diversity tolerance, and failure of the government to uphold law and order. The study discusses the findings and provides recommendations deemed necessary to counteract hate speech. Keywords: Hate speech, dehumanization, enemification, devaluation, trolling, pacemaking, poaching, earned reputation