Public Health

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Browsing Public Health by Author "Ababi Zergaw"

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    Comparison of Factors Influencing Utilization of Modern Contraceptive Methods among Rural and Urban Women Currently using Family Planning Service in South Wollo Zone, Amhara National Regional State
    (Addis Abeba University, 2010-07) Jemal Ali; Ababi Zergaw
    Background: Utilization of modern contraceptive methods is related to sociodemographic, reproductive and fertility factors. Previous studies concentrated on identifying these and other determinant factors in rural or urban but it is unclear whether the magnitude of these factors in rural and big urban population similar or not. Objective: The objective of this study is to assess and compare factors influencing utilization of modern contraceptive methods among rural and urban women currently using family planning service in South Wollo Zone, Amhara Region. Methods and materials: Health facility based comparative cross-sectional study was conducted in Dessie town, Jamma and Wereilu Weredas of South Wollo Zone from February to March-2010.The Two rural Weredas were selected from the ten remote weredas located in the western part of the Zone by using simple random sampling methods. All health centres and one potential health post per weredas were the study unit. After obtaining permission to proceed from all level of relevant bodies, data were collected by trained health workers using pre-tested interviewer administered close ended questionnaires from 534 women who visit 12 health facilities as current MCM users. Data were entered and analyzed using SPSS Soft Ware. Result. Rural women use modern contraceptive methods for the first time on average after they had 3 children and only (4.5%) of users before the first child as compared to urban users after they had 1.4 children and (24.3%) before the first child. Desire to limit family size by rural users less (25.8%) than (31.5%) urban users. Decision making to use modern contraceptive by rural users less (21.7%) than urban users (25.5%).(90.3%) of rural and (86%) of urban users had past history of pregnancy. Rural women whose perceived economic status as average were three times more likely to practice modern contraceptive as compared to urban women. Conclusion: This study has clearly described that rural women use modern contraceptive methods after they had higher number of children and less desire to limit family size as compared to urban women. It is recommended that strong behavioral change intervention targeting the high fertility desire of rural women and modern contraceptive methods utilization is needed.
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    Cost of Major Mental Illnesses to the Public Health Service Provider, Amanuel Hospital, Ethiopia
    (Addis Abeba University, 2013-10) Mideksa Adugna; Ababi Zergaw
    Background: Mental health is about enhancing competencies of individuals and communities and enabling them to achieve their self-determined goals. Since mental illness is problem of society as a whole, it is a major challenge to global development. Objectives: To estimate the economic cost of major mental illnesses and determinants of cost from the public health service provider’s perspective. Methods: The design of the research was hospital based cross sectional quantitative survey. The costing method that the research used was prevalence based bottom-up costing approach. The cost identified is direct costs incurred by the health service provider for providing mental health service during one year period for major mental illnesses. Using this method cost was estimated by calculating average costs of major mental illnesses (Schizophrenia and Bi-polar). The average cost of treatment was identified by adding together the various pieces of cost of treatment. Cost items identified from outpatient, inpatient and emergency departments and laboratory units. Additionally physical resources of the hospital used were also added. Results: The hospital incurred a unit cost of 1,204.2 ETB to provide mental health services for major mental illnesses. The marginal cost of providing health care for each additional patient at the hospital was 118 ETB. The hospital incurred a unit cost of 229.3 ETB to provide emergency health service, 23,016.1 ETB to provide inpatient health and 611.4 ETB to provide outpatient health service for major mental illnesses. Among the total hospital cost the drugs cost amount was 31.5 ETB, 220.4 ETB and 496.6 ETB for providing emergency, inpatient and outpatient mental health service respectively. Conclusion: Distribution of the hospital cost significantly differs by the residence area of the patients. Distribution of the hospital outpatient cost significantly differs by the number of visits made to the outpatient department of the hospital. Providing inpatient mental health service is more costly than outpatient and emergency mental health services.