AAU Institutional Repository (AAU-ETD)
Addis Ababa University Institutional repository is an open access repository that collects,preserves, and disseminates scholarly outputs of the university. AAU-ETD archives' collection of master's theses, doctoral dissertations and preprints showcase the wide range of academic research undertaken by AAU students over the course of the University's long history.
How to Submit Your Work
The repository contains scholarly work, both unpublished and published, by current or former AAU faculty, staff, and students, including Works by AAU students as part of their masters, doctoral, or post-doctoral research
- All AAU faculty, staff, and students are invited to submit their work to the repository. Please contact the library at your college.
You may contact digirep@aau.edu.et.with any questions about the repository
Colleges,Institutes in AAU-ETD
Select a college,institute to browse its collections.
Recent Submissions
Physical and Sexual Abuse among Mental Health Service Users at Amanuael Mental Specialized and Eka-Kotebe General Hospitals
(Addis Ababa University, 2023-06) Sara Wondwossen; Mulat Asnake (PhD)
The purpose of this qualitative exploratory study was to investigate the experiences of
physical and sexual abuse among mental health service users at Amanuael Mental
Specialized and Eka Kotebe General Hospital. Data was collected through face-to-face
interviews with seventeen participants purposively selected due to their experiences of
physical and sexual abuse, as well as staff members who witnessed such abuses. Thematic
analysis was used to identify key themes from the audio recordings of the interviews, which
were translated into Amharic and then English. The study found that all participants reported
experiencing physical and sexual abuse within the studied setting. The most common forms
of physical abuse were beatings, while sexual abuse took the form of rape committed by
employees. The abuse occurred within wards, toilets, and round rooms. The short- and longterm
consequences of the abuse included dissatisfaction with the service, psychological
distress, and fear of acceptance. The findings highlight that physical and sexual abuse is
prevalent among mental health service users and has a significant impact on their well-being.
To prevent future incidents, the study recommends installing cameras in all rooms and near
examination rooms. However, it is important to address the root causes of abuse within
mental health settings to ensure the safety and well-being of service users. Mental health
providers must prioritize the prevention of abuse and maltreatment, and take steps to create a
safe and supportive environment for their service users.
Key word: Sexual abuse, physical abuse, service users.
Institutional Support, Social Capital, and Emotional and Behavioral Adjustment of Vulnerable Children in Addis Ababa: The Mediating Effects of Family and Peer Social Capital
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-07) Simachew Ayalew; Tamirie Andualem (PhD)
The study aims to investigate the effects of institutional support and social capital at multiple
contexts (family, peer and neighborhood) on the emotional and behavioral adjustment of
vulnerable children. Descriptive correlation design was used to explore the status and the
relationship among the study variables. Institutional support, social capital and emotional and
behavioral adjustment scales were adapted. The reliability and validity of the scales/instruments
were ensured through pilot study. Proportional random sampling was used to select a total of
659 participants (female =329 and male =330) from a purposively chosen four child support
institutions. The data were screened, processed, and analyzed using SPSS and AMOS soft wares.
Independent sample t-test, one sample t- test, one-way ANOVA, correlation, and structural
equation modeling (SEM) were employed as data analysis techniques. The findings indicated
that there appears a considerable level of institutional support and social capital resources in
the study areas. The result also discloses that the socio-demographic variables (sex, grade level
of children, neighborhoods, current living condition, number of children, housing condition,
work condition and income level of both parents) did not show significant association with the
emotional and behavioral adjustment of vulnerable children, except family structure, where
children from non-intact families tend to experience higher adjustment problems. Moreover, the
result indicated the independent variables, such as institutional support, family social capital,
peer social capital and neighborhood social capital, show significant negative associations with
emotional and behavioral adjustment, suggesting institutional support and social capital
resources improve the emotional and behavioral adjustment of vulnerable children through
restraining problem behaviors. SEM-based path analysis result revealed institutional support
has a significant effect on the emotional and behavioral adjustment of vulnerable children via
family social capital and peer social capital. Similarly, neighborhood social capital has a
significant influence on the emotional and behavioral adjustment of these children through
family social capital and peer social capital. In other words, social capital resources available
in peer and family contexts are mediators in the relationship of institutional support and
neighborhood social capital with the emotional and behavioral adjustment of vulnerable
children. Therefore, the findings suggested the importance of integrating and improving
institutional support and social capital resources in the care and protection of such children and
other vulnerable children in low income countries such as Ethiopia.
Key words: Institutional Support, Social Capital, Emotional and Behavioral Adjustment,
Vulnerable Children
Online Sexual Abuse and Exploitation against Adolescent Girls in Some Selected Secondary Schools in Gulele Sub City, Addis Ababa.
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Sisay Alemayehu; Abera Tibebu (PhD)
Online sexual abuse and exploitation against adolescent girls has risen globally, in Africa and in Ethiopia. The study examined the magnitude of online sexual abuse and exploitation against adolescent girls in selected secondary schools; identify typologies and who the potential perpetuators are. In order to investigate the magnitude of OSA among female adolescent, the researcher employed mixed research design. A sequential mixed research design was used. Quantitative and qualitative data from primary and secondary sources were collected. The target population comprised 2849 female students which were 51.87 % of the total population. 339 sample sizes with 95% confidence interval or 5% error margin were considered. A standardized questionnaire, with adequate construct validity and reliability were employed from the primary study samples. From qualitative data collection methods, focus group discussions guides and Document review checklist was used. Female students in the four Gulele Sub city secondary schools faced online sexual abuse and exploitation mostly by their peers. The result concluded that the magnitude of online sexual abuse ranges from 1.2 % to 40 % girls report as they face once form of abuse. The most reported type of on line sexual abuse against girls is Love bombing, with 132 (40 %) girls, followed by boy friending with 66 (20.5 %). The study recommends that government, schools, CRC committees, NGOs has to work in adolescents girls‟ safe internet utilization, having friendly speak up procedures, etc
Key Words: Sexual abuse, online sexual abuse and exploitation, Typology of OSA
Practices and Challenges of Instructional Leadership in Government Secondary Schools in Bole Sub-City of Addis Ababa City Administration
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Alem Berhe; Kenenissa (PhD)
The practices of instructional leadership are expanding throughout the world, as well as in Ethiopia, where schools depend on leadership to shape their productive futures. The main objective of the research was to explore the practices and challenges associated with guiding and improving teaching and learning processes in secondary schools in Bole sub-city in Addis Ababa city administration. To achieve the study, a mixed method of research design was used, specially emended design. To collect relevant data, questionnaires, interviews, and document analysis were used. A total of 91participants including teachers and school leaders (principals, vice principals, department heads, and unit leaders) were involved in the study. For sample selection, two types of sampling techniques were used, such as probability and non-probability sampling techniques. For teachers, stratified sampling was used, whereas for instructional leaders, the available sampling technique was used. The data results were presented via tables and described by mean, standard deviation, and t-test analysis. Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 26 was used to analyze the collected data. The study revealed that teachers rated the school's vision and mission higher than school leaders, but school leaders were more aligned with the school's mission and vision in their activities. The study points out challenges faced by instructional leaders, including budget constraints, poor community engagement, technology gaps, and staff turnover. Addressing these challenges is crucial to supporting effective instructional leadership in schools. The study recommends: The school community should work together to enhance students' academic success through improved instructional leadership. Data-driven decision-making, assessing the impact of instruction on student outcomes, and leveraging technology are crucial for continuous improvement in student performance, especially in e-learning environments. Encouraging parental involvement and fostering collaboration among teachers can help address student progress collectively. It is essential to align programs with educational needs and utilize technology effectively to ensure students are competitive in quality education. Key words: Instructional leadership, practices, challenges, leadership, school leadership
Psychological Wellbeing of Adolescent Students Living with Single Parents: The case of Three Selected Private Schools in Addis Ababa
(Addis Ababa University, 2024-06) Alem Mengistu; Tamirie Andualem (PhD) A
This study aimed to assess the psychological well being of adolescent students living with single parents in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, taking three private schools in Lemuria Sub-city Wereda 13. The participants were 235 students from grade 7 to grade 12, selected using a simple stratified technique. A sociology-demographic characteristically psychological well-being scale were employed to collect data. Quantitative methods of data analysis methods such as percentages, mean, t-test, and Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) were employed to analyze the data. The results of the study revealed that using a mean value of the psychological well being scale, adolescents’ psychological well being is low to High. The study provides detailed insights into the psychological well being of adolescents, considering various demographic factors. It reveals that the majority of adolescents had moderate psychological well being across different aspects, with some components like autonomy and environmental mastery showing moderate and high well being. Higher-grade levels and economic status positively correlate with psychological well being, while larger family size has a negative impact. The analysis also highlights nuanced differences among single-parent adolescents based on family economic status, indicating a complex relationship between economic factors and psychological functioning. The ANOVA result showed that there is a statistically significant difference among adolescents' family economic status in terms of psychological well being. The result of independent sample t-test indicates Adolescents living with their fathers have a slightly higher mean score (M=146.18, S=27.44) compared to those living with their mothers (M=141.23, S=34.73). The chi-square test suggests a significant association between grade level and psychological well-being (df = 2, p = 0.000). Furthermore, the result of post hoc comparison revealed a significant mean difference between family economic status and psychological well being. Based on these findings, recommendations are proposed to support single-parent adolescents' psychological well being. It including interventions to promote autonomy, support personal growth and positive relations, facilitate purpose in life and self-acceptance, provide tailored support for single-parent households, and implement comprehensive mental health services.
Key words: Psychological wellbeing; adolescent; single parent