Assessment of Knowledge, Practice and Associated Factors of Adult Intensive Care Nurses‘ on Prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia in Selected Hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
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Date
2014-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
BACKGROUND- Ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) is the most common nosocomial
infection, with the prevalence rates ranging from 10% to 70% in critical/ Intensive care units. It is
a sub-type of hospital-acquired pneumonia which occurs in people who are on intubation or
mechanical ventilation that was not present at the time of admission to hospital or that occurs 48
hours after intubation and mechanical ventilation through an endotracheal or tracheotomy with
reported incidence of 6–20 times higher in these patients.
OBJECTIVE: To assess knowledge, practice and associated factors of Adult Intensive Care
nurses‘ on prevention of Ventilator Associated Pneumonia (VAP) in selected Hospitals in Addis
Ababa, Ethiopia.
METHODS AND MATERIALS- A facility based cross-sectional and observational study was
conducted on 129 Adult Intensive Care nurses to assess their knowledge, practice and other
associated factors by using self-administered questionnaire and observational checklist.
Information letters, consent forms and questionnaires were handed to nurses working in the Adult
ICU; by data collectors. Data was coded and entered into EPI INFO 3.5.4 and Analyzed using
SPSS version 16.0 for descriptive and inferential statistics.
RESULTS: Out 129 respondents, 78 (60.5%) were females, 73 (56.6%) had diploma, Majority
of Adult Intensive Care nurses 79 (61.2%) had no ICU training, and 87 (67.5 %) had been
working in the ICU for less than 6 years, 66 (51.2%) scored below mean score, had inadequate
knowledge. There was a significant difference in knowledge between respondents with ICU
training as found (p value = 0.04) and between participants with different educational level (p value =
0.021). Significant difference in practice was found between ICU nurses who had ICU training (p
value
= 0.038) and between nurses with different years of Experiences (p value = 0.041)
CONCLUSION: The study reveals that majority of nurses working in the Adult Intensive Care
Units had inadequate knowledge and practice. Nevertheless, those nurses who trained and had
high educational level have adequate knowledge than those nurses who had more years of
experience, where as those experienced and trained nurses were practicing more adequately than
those nurses who hold first and second degree.
RECOMMENDATIONS: I would like to recommend those program efforts working towards
prevention of VAP, and improving Knowledge and practices of Intensive care nurses‘.
Key words: knowledge, practice, nurse(s), Adult intensive care unit, Ventilator associated
pneumonia
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Keywords
Knowledge, Practice, Nurse(s), Adult intensive care unit, Ventilator associated pneumonia