SEROEPIDEMOLOGY OF BOVINE BRUCELLOSIS IN HORRO GUDURU ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND RESEARCH CENTER, AND ITS SURROUNDINGS WESTERN ETHIOPIA
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Date
2018-06
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Abstract
In Ethiopia, a number of zoonotic diseases are known to have public health and economic
importance both in humans and animals. The present study has particularly given emphasis
to brucellosis because of its morbidity and significance to the public health and the economy
of the country. A cross-sectional study has been conducted in Horro Guduru Animal
Production and Research Center and its srrounding, Western Ethiopia to estimate the
seroprevelence of bovine brucellosis and its associated risk factors from December 2017 to
March 2018. A total of 812 cattle from three stations (districts) were randomly selected for
serology finding and questionery surveys from 102 respondents were collected using
questionery format. All sample sera collected were screened by Rose Bengal Plate Test and
positive samples were finally confirmed by compitetive-Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbet
Assay and Complement Fixation Test. Out of 812 samples tested, an overall seroprevalence
of 0.73 (95% CI: 0.241-3.461) was recorded. The higher seroprevalence, 4.41% (95% CI:
0.028-3.473) was observed around Fincha district as compared to Horro Guduru Animal
production center (0.31%) and Guduru district (0.99%). A Chi-square computed statistical
analysis indicated that origin (χ2=7.951: P<0.05), abortion history (χ2=8.217; P<0.050.),
retained fetal membrane (χ2=36.47: P<0.001) and abortion time (χ2=9.756; P<0.05) were
the associate with Brucella infection in the study areas. Moreover, retained fetal membrane
was statistically identified as a common risk factor by logistic regression (OR=30.47
,95%CI) for brucellosis to observed in cattle. The respondents, indicated that only 38%,
18.18% and 30% of the farm owners in small, medium and large herd sizes responded, as
they were aware of brucellosis, respectively. The risk assessed indicates that using raw milk
for human consumsion has significant zoonotic importance. In conclusion, the Brucella
seropositivity detected in present study was low and risk factors for obtaining Brucella
infection were present. Therefore, the result suggested that the need for further investigation
and identification of the disease to take proactive measures, to protect the Brucella infection
from economic effect and the risk of zoonotic infection in exposed human population in the
study areas.
Description
MSc thesis submitted to the College of Veterinary Medicine and Agriculture of
Addis Ababa University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the
degree of Master of Science in Veterinary Microbiology
Keywords
Bovine, Brucellosis, Seroprevalence