Characterization the phsico-chemical of textile industries effluent discharge on environment in Oromia region, Ethiopia
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Textile wastewater mixed with various contaminants at different ranges. Therefore,
environmental legislation commonly obligates textile factories to treat these effluents before
discharge into the water bodies. The effluent treatment plant is designed to remove certain
pollutants found in the effluent of textile industry. Therefore this study focuses on the Evaluation
of phsico-chemical characteristics of textile industries effluent discharge on environment in
Oromia region, Ethiopia. Samples of raw effluent discharged were collected from the outlet after
different levels of treatment plants (primary, secondary, and tertiary) and analyzed by standard
laboratory methods. The laboratory data were statistically analyzed using simple descriptive
statistics and one-way ANOVA. The analyzed data was presented by using tables and graphs
compared with World Bank and Ethiopian guidelines standard for textile wastewater. The
physicochemical characteristics of the textile wastewater fluctuated depending on the level of the
textile treatment plant. The one way ANOVA taste result showed that pH, COD, TSS, S-2
, TP, TN,
TNH3
-
and Phenols exhibited statically significant differences across sampled textile industries
with different levels of environmental treatment plants (ETPs). However, the Post Hoc tests
based multiple comparisons revealed that statistically insignificant differences were observed in
the case of the concentration of heavy metals (Copper, Lead, and Chromium) in the textile
wastewater having different levels of ETP. The analysis revealed that most pollutants such as
pH, chemical oxygen demand (COD), total suspended solids (TSS), Sulfide (S-2
), total
phosphorus (TP), total nitrogen (TN), Total Ammonia (TNH3
-
), Phenols, Copper (Cu) and
Chromium (Cr) form the textile factories that passed the different ETP were found above the
permissible limit of World Bank Environmental, Health and Safety Guideline of Textile
Manufacturing (EHSGTM) and Ethiopian guidelines standard. Therefore, the textile industries
should improve the performance of the wastewater treatment plants to minimize the possible
pollution. In this regard, the industries should balance the inlet and outlet to the existing effluent
designed capacity level treatment, properly dose treatment chemicals and understand basic
concepts of ETP operational process and better to using from preliminary treatment technology
up to advanced treatment technology. In addition to this, it is better to recycle wastewater. The
relevant government bodies also need to do regular monitoring and enforcement of
environmental laws and regulations as per the national standard.
Description
Keywords
effluent; chemical pollutants; effluent treatment plant; the processing of textiles