Burden of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Associated Factors at TASH: Evidence from Colonization of Health Care Workers, Administrative Staff, Patients and Selected Inanimate Objects.
| dc.contributor.advisor | Woldeamanue Yimtubeznashl | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Enquselassie Fikre | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Price James | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Davey Gail | |
| dc.contributor.author | Tullu Kassu | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2025-08-13T08:05:35Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2025-08-13T08:05:35Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2023-12 | |
| dc.description.abstract | Background: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are multidrug-resistant bacteria that are carried harmlessly by humans and also cause severe life-threatening infections in community and healthcare settings worldwide. MRSA colonization of hospitalized patients and healthcare workers (HCWs) is a risk factor for transmission of infection. Furthermore, inanimate objects, such as Mobile phones, hospital gowns, and other fomites can serve as a reservoir for MRSA. Good knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of HCWs towards MRSA sources, colonization, and transmission is a key strategy for the control of MRSA. In Ethiopia, MRSA is a public health concern and observed rates of MRSA infections are reported from different parts of the country but molecular based data are very scarce or absent. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the burden and associated factors for MRSA colonization among HCWs, administrative staff, patients and selected inanimate objects at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH), Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Methods: A prospective and retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted between June 2018 to September, 2019 that included 588 HCWs and 468 administrative staff. Nasal swabs and swabs from their mobile phones were collected. Single swab from gown of each HCW was sampled. Samples from inanimate objects from the hospital were also analysed for MRSA. Perceived knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of HCWs were assessed using a pretested structured questionnaire. In addition, 170 S. aureus stored isolates were included mainly for molecular testing. All swabs samples were cultured on Mannitol salt agar and / or blood agar for growth and identification of S. aureus and MRSA were made by standard biochemical tests and cefoxitin disc methods respectively. Antimicrobial testing was performed according to CLSI breakpoints and isolates were further tested for MecA , PVL detection, Spa and MLST typing and WGS. Data were analysed using SPSS version 20.0 and statistical testing (Chi-square or Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables) was used to assess the difference between MRSA colonization rate among different groups, socio-demographic factors, and KAP level. P-value less than 0.05 was taken Statistically significant Results: A total of 588 HCWs were included in this study and 58.4 % of them were female. The mean age and standard deviation of HCWs were 29.13 ± 6.66 years, The majority of HCWs were nurses by profession accounting for 49.1 % (289/588) followed by Medical doctors (28.4 % ) [167/588]. Among 468 administrative staff , 64.1 % of them were females. The rate of S.aureus isolates were 16.32 % (96/588) and 8.97 % (42/468) for nasal swabs and 6.46 % (38/588) and 3,85 % (18/468) for mobile phone contamination for HCWs and administrative staff respectively . For HCWs group the rate of S. aureus isolation from gowns was 7.48 % (44/588). Overall, 31 isolates (13.02 %) were sensitive to all antibiotics tested. All isolates were sensitive to rifampicin. About 10 % of isolates including all MRSA isolates were vancomycin sensitive using Van A and Van B genes detection methods. Furthermore ,237 isolates were resistant to at least for one drug. Overall there was a significant difference between drug resistance among MRSA and MSSA isolates (P-value < 0.05). In this study, 2.72 % (16/588) and 1.3 % (6/468) mobile phones of HCWs and administrative staff were contaminated by MRSA respectively which are more frequent for nurses and doctors. Importantly ,2.89 % (17/588) of HCWs gowns were contaminated with MRSA and slightly higher among female HCWs (p-value >0.05). The proportion of MRSA from stored isolate of mother-child pair and diabetic patients was 0.24 % (2/846). While 21.73 % (20/92) stored isolates from clinical samples were MRSA. Overall 53 % (178/336) of S.aureus isolates obtained from nasal, clinical, mobile, and HCW’s gowns were PVL positive. A significant difference was also seen between pvl status and source of S.aureus isolates Key Words: S.aureus , MRSA, TASH, MLST, WGS, Spa typing, HCWs | |
| dc.identifier.uri | https://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/6709 | |
| dc.language.iso | en_US | |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | |
| dc.subject | S.aureus MRSA TASH MLST WGS Spa typing HCWs | |
| dc.title | Burden of Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus (MRSA) and Associated Factors at TASH: Evidence from Colonization of Health Care Workers, Administrative Staff, Patients and Selected Inanimate Objects. | |
| dc.type | Thesis |