Identification of Groundwater Potential Zones By Using Radar and Optical Remote Sensing: A Case Study of Ketar Watershed, Ethiopia
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Date
2018-05-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Groundwater Is A Precious Water Resource In Underground Rocks That Is Very Important For Drinking, Industrialization And Irrigation. However, Identifying The Groundwater Potential Zones In Certain Areas Of Ethiopia Is Still Challenging In Terms Of Time And Cost For Resolving Water Scarcity Problems And The Management Of Groundwater Systems. Therefore, This Study Used Integrated Optical And Radio Detection And Ranging (RADAR) Remote Sensing To Identify Groundwater Potential Zones In Ketar Watershed, Ethiopia. The Two High-Resolution (10 M) Sentinel Families, Sentinel-1A (RADAR) And Sentinel-2A (Optical) Imageries Were Processed And Used For Thematic Layer Derivation. Digital Elevation Model (DEM) Was Generated From Sentinel-1A, Which Has The Same Resolution With The Processed Image And Used For Thematic Layer Preparation. These Thematic Layers Were Lineament Density, Soil Moisture, Land-Use/Land-Cover, Drainage Density, Slope And Geomorphology. Archived Secondary Data Were Used To Get Geological Units, Soil Texture And Rainfall Thematic Layers. These Nine Layers Were Considered As Factors, Which Have Influence For Groundwater Occurrence And Analyzed Through GIS Environment. Since All Factors Have No Equal Contribution For The Occurrence Of Groundwater, Weight Assessment Was Done Using Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) Technique. The Result From Weight Comparison Shows That, Geological Unit, Rainfall, Soil Texture, Slope And Lineament Density Were The Dominant Factors. These Identified Factors Were Reclassified Based On Standard Criteria; And Aggregated Using Weighted Linear Combination. The Result Revealed The Groundwater Potential Zones: Very Low (607.64 Km2), Low (942.19 Km2), Moderate (777.2 Km2), High (598.74 Km2) And Very High (428.23 Km2). These Zones Were Validated And The Result Shows That 0.93 Correlation Based On 43 Existing Data Of Boreholes, Hand Dug Wells And Springs. The Outcome Of This Study Emphasizes The Importance Of Integrated Optical And RADAR Remote Sensing In Identifying Potential Groundwater Zones To Address The Water Scarcity Problems.
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Keywords
Groundwater Potential Zones, Ketar Watershed, Sentinel, Thematic Layers, Analytical Hierarchy Process