In Vivo Evaluation of Antimalarial Activity of Moringa stenopetala, Withania somnifera and Vernonia amygdalina
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Date
2005-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Two cl1lde methanol and chloroform extracts obtained from leaves of Wifhallia sOlllllifera
and nine column fi'actions obtained from the cl1lde methanol extracts of leaves of Withania
sOll/nifera, water extracts of roots of Moringa stenopetala and leaves of Vernonia
amygdalina were tested in vivo for antimalarial activity on Swiss albino male mice. Each
mouse in the study was infected interaperitonially with blood samples taken from mice
previously infected with chloroquine sensitive PlasmodiulIl berghei that was diluted so that
0.2 ml contained 106_107 infected erythrocytes. The extracts were given to the infected mice
interaperitonially stm1ing fi'om three hours following inoculation. Antimalarial activity was
evaluated by taking blood smears on day four. This study revealed that methanol extract
obtained fi'om leaves of Withania somnifera suppressed parasitemia significantly both in
crude form (43.2 % at 750 mg/kg and 53.34 % at 900 mg/kg) and in fractionation of the
crude extract (FJw, 44.3 % at 200 mg/kg and 57 % at 300 mg/kg respectively). Column
fractions obtained from water extract of leaves of Vernonia alllygdalina also showed
significant suppressive effect on the parasitemia level (F2v, 56.8 % at 200 mg/kg and 66.13 %
at 300 mg/kg respectively). On the other hand column fractions obtained fi'om water extracts
of roots of Moringa stenopetala did not show significant effect on parasitemia as compared
to the reported activity in its cl1lde fonn.
Key words: Antimalarial activity, in vivo, Medicinal plants, Morillga stenopetala,
PlasmodiulII berghei, Vernonia amygdalin a Withallia somllifera.
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Keywords
Antimalarial activity, in vivo,, Medicinal plants, Morillga stenopetala, PlasmodiulII berghei, Vernonia amygdalin a Withallia somllifera