Genetic Diversity Analysis of Sorghum Sorghum Bicolor (L.) Moench in Ethiopia Based on Quantitative Traits and Microsatellite Markers
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Date
2021-07-01
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Sorghum [Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench] is a very important food security crop in Ethiopia and in the semi-arid and tropical parts of Africa. Genetic analysis based on DNA markers coupled with morphological traits could provide important information on the genetic structure of the crop. Therefore, the present study was targeted to investigate the extent and patterns of genetic variation in 324 sorghum accessions using six quantitative traits measured at three locations in two replications. Among the studied traits, plant height showed the highest genetic advance as percent of mean (38.99%) followed by biomass yield (18.68%). Moreover, the genetic structure of 100 sorghum accessions were further assessed using 15 microsatellite markers. The results revealed the presence of significant differences among the genotypes for all the studied quantitative traits, suggesting the possibility to improve through selection. The polymorphic information content of the loci ranged from 0.68 to 0.89 with overall mean of 0.80, indicating their higher resolution power for genetic analysis. Structure analysis confirmed the three sub-groups with greater degree of genetic admixture. We would like to confirm that the combined application of morphological and marker technology had successfully elucidated the genetic structure of sorghum accessions in Ethiopia. The information will be useful for sorghum improvement through selection, conservation, and wise and sustainable use.
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Keywords
Gene Flow, Genetic Structure, Polymorphic Information Content, Quantitative Traits, Sorghum