Review Principle and Application of Lasers
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Date
2016-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Light Ampli cation by Stimulated Emission of Radiation(LASER) is a mechanism
for amplifying electromagnetic radiation, often visible light, via the process of stim-
ulated emission. Coherence, monochromaticity,collimation, spectral brightness and
high intensity are the main characteristics of laser light.
This project describes the basic aspects of a laser. It includes a quantitative dis-
cussion of the major properties, the di erent types of lasers, characteristics of laser
light and applications of laser as well as the basic mechanisms of producing laser
light. Moreover, the Einstein A and B coe cients and their historical derivation are
reviewed. In addition, time-dependent perturbation theory is used as a tool in un-
derstanding how electromagnetic radiation interacts with atoms, causing transitions
of its electrons among di erent energy levels
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Review Principle