Prevalence and Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Factors Associated with it Among Patients with Wound Infections at Werabe Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Central Ethiopia Region, Ethiopia
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Date
2024-05-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Staphylococcus aureus is a highly significant pathogen for global public health because of its extensive distribution, potential to cause infections that could be fatal, and continuous development of drug resistance. In settings such as the community and health care institutions, it is among the frequent causes of wound infection. Worldwide, the occurrence of drug-resistant S. aureus, particularly MRSA, has surged at a concerning rate. Nonetheless, prior research in Ethiopia and other nations found notable regional differences in the incidence and associated variables.
Objective: To determine MRSA's prevalence and pattern of antimicrobial susceptibility as well as to assess factors associated with MRSA among patients with wound infection at Werabe Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Werabe City, CER, Ethiopia.
Methods: A cross-sectional study centered in a hospital was carried out from June 2023 to February 2024 G.C. S. aureus was isolated from a total of 384 wound swabs. Standard laboratory techniques were used to identify and culture S. aureus. For the identification of MRSA, testing for antimicrobial susceptibility was carried out in accordance with CLSI guidelines. Socio demographic information as well as other potential contributing factors was gathered using a structured questionnaire. SPSS version 27 was used for analysis once the data were entered into Epi-info. The study employed descriptive statistics and the Logistic regression analysis, both multivariate and bivariate. To evaluate the association between the variables that are dependent and independent, the odds ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated, with a P value of less than 0.05 deemed statistically significant.
Results: Of the 384 participants in the study with wound infections, 90 (23.4%, 95% CI: 19.3-28.0) had S. aureus isolated from them. Twenty-four (26.7%, 95% CI: 19-37) of the 90 S. aureus isolates were found to be MRSA. While the majority of the isolates (87.8%) were resistant to penicillin, Linezolid worked against every strain of S. aureus. All 24 of the isolates of MRSA had penicillin resistance. All (100%) of the MRSA isolates and twenty-eight (31.1%) isolates of S. aureus were multidrug-resistant (MDR). Various characteristics were evaluated for potential association with MRSA; however, only hospital stays longer than 72 hours (P=0.031, AOR: 3.06, 95% CI: 1.11 8.47) showed statistically significant association with MRSA
Conclusion: The study showed significant prevalence of S. aureus (23.4%) and MRSA (26.7%) in patients with wound infection at WCSH. Both S. aureus and MRSA showed the highest resistance to penicillin but 100% sensitivity to linezolid.
Key words: Wound infection, S. aureus, MRSA, MDR, Werab
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Wound infection S. aureus MRSA MDR Werabe