Evaluation of the Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Activities of 80% Methanol Extract of Leonotis Ocymifolia (Burm.f.) leaves
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Pain and inflammation are the most common health problems treated with traditional remedies which mainly comprise medicinal plants. Leonotis ocymifolia is one of the medicinal plants used in folkloric medicine of Ethiopia for years to treat various pain and inflammation disorders. However, the plant has not been scientifically evaluated for the claimed activities.
The aim of the present study was to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activities of the 80% methanol extract of Leonotis ocymifolia leaves using rodent models. The central and peripheral analgesic activity of the extract was evaluated by using Eddy‘s hot plate method and acetic acid-induced writhing, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of the extract was evaluated by using carrageenan-induced paw edema and cotton pellet granuloma method. The study was carried out in three different dose levels of extracts 100,200 and 400mg/kg orally. The extract did not produce any mortality up to 2000mg/kg. In the hot plate method, the extract at all doses showed a significant (p<0.001) dose dependent analgesic effect with latency response of 32.8%, 47.9%, and 62.8% respectively, and inhibition of acetic acid induced writhings in mice was also observed with extract at all dose levels. Maximum anti-inflammatory effect by the 100, 200 and 400 mg/kg of extracts were observed at 6h post-induction, with respective values of 46.3%, 69.13 %, and 75.88%, in carrageenan-induced paw edema and all tested doses of extract significantly inhibited the formation of inflammatory exudates (p < 0.001) and granuloma formation (p < 0.001 ). Presence of saponins, alkaloids, flavonoids, tannins, terpenoids and phenols might be responsible for these activities and which are probably mediated via inhibition of various autacoids formation and release. In conclusion, the data obtained from the present study indicates that the extract possessed a significant analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity, upholding the folkloric use of the plant.
Key words: Leonotis ocymifolia, analgesic, anti-inflammatory activity, 80% methanol extract and mice.
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Leonotis ocymifolia; Analgesic; Anti-inflammatory activity; 80% methanol extract and mice