Application of Solar-Wind Hybrid for Water Lifting (in Borena Zone, Oromia Region)
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Date
2012-02
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Water is the primary source of life for mankind and one of the most basic necessities for rural
development. The rural demand for water for crop irrigation and domestic water supplies is
increasing. At the same time, rainfall is decreasing in many arid countries, so surface water is
becoming scarce. Groundwater seems to be the only alternative to this dilemma, but the
groundwater table is also decreasing, which makes traditional hand pumping and bucketing
difficult. As these trends continue, mechanized water pumping will become the only reliable
alternative for lifting water from the ground.
Diesel, gasoline, and kerosene pumps have traditionally been used to pump water. However, the
non-renewable energy is on the way of depleting from the world and due to this cost of the oils
are increasing from time to time, in addition to these the exhausting gases from them is polluting
the environment. So due to the cost of the oils, the developing country such as Ethiopia may not
able to buy to generate water from the ground for the people and livestock. Since our country is
reach in renewable energy, it is the must to replace for generation of power to the renewable one
such as solar energy, wind energy, and others.
Currently, hybrids of PV and wind with or without backup generators are more promising for
supplying uninterrupted power because they work independently of each other. Such systems do
not require each component to be oversized.
For the Semento kebele, Liban woreda, which has the problem of drinking water for the people
and livestock the solar-wind hybrid system with the specification 270kw PV, 11BWC Excel-s,
110kw inverter, Total net present cost (NPC) $1,305,958, levelized cost of energy (COE)
$0.458/kwh, and operating cost $47,179/yr is selected after optimizing by using the HOMER
software. The demand of water for the site is 2200m3/d and this is easily fulfilled by installing
two systems for the kebele. From the installed hybrid system there is excess electrical power
which is used for the lighting purpose by using battery and there is also excess water which we
use it for the irrigation purpose. So even if our aim is to solve the problem of drinking water
there is also problems that are solved with the system.
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Keywords
Currently, Hybrids