BOVINE MASTITIS IN DAIRY FARMS IN AND AROUND AKAKI KALITY SUB CITY AND SULULTA TOWN: EMPHASIS ON ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF PATHOGENIC STAPHYLOCOCCUS AND ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST OF STAPHYLOCOCCUS AUREUS
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2019-06
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Abstract
A cross sectional study was conducted from November 2017 to May 2018 in and around Akaki Kality Sub-city of Addis Ababa and Sululta Town with major emphasis of isolation and identification of pathogenic Staphylococcus species and determination of antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates. Besides the prevalence of clinical and sub-clinical mastitis and associated risk factors were investigated. A total of 768 lactating cows were examined by physical examinations of udder and by California mastitis test. Milk from clin-ical and sub clinical cases were cultured to isolate pathogenic Staphylococcus species. Antimicro-bial susceptibility pattern of Staphylococcus aureus isolates was done by Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion method using eight antimicrobials.The overall prevalence of mastitis was 58.5%, out of which 10.8% was clinical and 47.7% subclinical mastitis.When the prevalence of study sites were considered separately it was 64.6% in Akaki Kality Sub-city, and 52.3% in Sululta Town of which clinical and sub-clinical mastitis were respectively 13.3% and 8.3% in Akaki Kality Sub-city and 51.3% and 44.0% in Sululta Town. In both study sites, univariable logistic regression analysis indicated bovine mastitis was more likely to occur with increasing age of cow, presence of teat lesion, poor housing hygiene and udder/teats hygiene. Based on primary and secondary biochemical characterizations and pathogenicity tests, pathogenic staphylococci were isolated in 25.4% at Akaki Kality Sub-city of which 18.5% was S. aureus, 4.03% S. intermidious and 2.8% S. hyicus. at Sululta, the proportions of pathogenic staphylococci were 20.9% of which S. aureus was 16.9%, S. intermedious was 2.5% and S. hyicus was 1.5%. A total of 68 Staphylococcus aureus isolates (34 of each study area) were assessed for antimicrobial susceptibility. Staphylococcus aureus from both study sites were resistant to ampicillin and penicillin. However, susceptibility to gentamicin was (91.2% and 85.3%), oxacillin (85.3 and 82.35%), cefoxitin (67.6% and 85.3%), erythromycin (70.6% and 94.11%), and vancomycin (82.35% and 91.2%) in Akaki Kality and Sululta Town, respectively. It could be concluded that prevalence of bovine mastitis in general, and isolation of pathogenic Staphylococcus species in particular was high in the study sites. The Staphylococcus aureus that were found to be totally resistant to ampicillin, and penicillin might be due to repeatedly use of these drugs.
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Akaki Kality, Antimicrobial susceptibility, Bovine Mastitis