Productivity and Efficiency of Farm Households and Urban Poverty Dynamics in Ethiopia
| dc.contributor.advisor | Heshmati Almas | |
| dc.contributor.author | Berisso Oumer | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2018-11-15T13:13:40Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-04T10:27:55Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2018-11-15T13:13:40Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-04T10:27:55Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018-02 | |
| dc.description.abstract | This essay analyzes the determinants of consumption expenditure and poverty dynamics in urban Ethiopia using panel data. It uses consumption expenditure to measure the poverty level and uses the fixed-effects model (FEM) and quantile regressions (QR) to investigate the determinants of consumption expenditure at mean and different quartiles and the MNL model to assess the determinants of chronic and transient poverty. In addition, it uses the Foster-Greer-Thorbecke indices to measure the intensity of poverty and employs both components and Spells approaches to decompose poverty into categories. The findings show that while a large number of households frequently moved in and out of poverty between the panel periods, many did not move far above the poverty line and remained vulnerable to falling back into poverty. Poverty indices show that poverty incidence, depth and severity consistently declined overtime. The Spells approach measurement indicates that more than 8 per cent of the households were trapped in chronic poverty while 56 per cent were affected by transient poverty. The FEM and QR results confirm that gender and age; primary, secondary and tertiary education; employment of the household head; remittances; and household locations are important determinants of a household’s expenditure. MNL’s results reveal that a female headed household was positively significantly associated with both chronic and transient poverty. Primary, secondary and tertiary schooling and employment of the household head and remittances and location of residence all significantly reduced chronic and transient poverty. Household size, dependency-ratio and casual-worker aggravated poverty categories. Age showed a positive effect on chronic poverty while it showed the opposite effect on transient poverty. These findings are important and can be used for initiating policy options to reduce poverty based on the assumption that any policy which is good for welfare improvement will also be good for poverty reduction. Policies that encourage remittances, smaller household sizes and improving access to education and employment activities will exert a positive effect on consumption expenditure and thus help in reducing urban poverty. The same set of households and household heads’ characteristics are also important to alleviate either of the poverty categories or in charting out poverty reduction strategies. | |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/123456789/14274 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Farm Households and Urban Poverty Dynamics | en_US |
| dc.title | Productivity and Efficiency of Farm Households and Urban Poverty Dynamics in Ethiopia | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |