Prevalence and Associated Factors of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity; Developmental Disorder in Children at Limmu Genet Town, Jimma Zone, Oromia Region , Ethiopia,2015
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Date
2015-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood neuro-
developmental disorder with early onset, affecting 5.4% and 8.7% of African children. Recent
studies reveal that 30% to 70% of children continue to experience problems related to ADHD in
adulthood that cause impairments of personal, social, academic, or occupational functioning .
There is a variation of ADHD prevalence across different countries. In Ethiopia there is paucity
of information on the prevalence and associated factors of it.
Objective: The aim of this study is to determine the prevalence of ADHD and its associated
factor among children in Limmu Genet town,Jimma Zone, Oromia region, Ethiopia.
Methods: Community based quantitative cross-sectional study design was employed among
children aged between 6 to 16 years old. 0 5 section ( „sefer‟) was selected from 15 section
(„sefer‟) in the town using simple random sampling and in turn 406 study subjects was also
selected randomly from a household within each selected section („sefer‟), Multi stage cluster
sampling. The 18-items of the Disruptive Behaviour Disorder rating scale (DBD), which was
from Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for mental disorders 5th edition (DSM-V), was used to
investigate the presence of ADHD symptoms. A structured questionnaire designed for the study
was used for parental interview to identify associated factors.
Result: A total 387 study participants were completed the interview and the prevalence of
ADHD was found to be 13.7%. Being preterm (AOR=10.92; 95% CI: 3.253-36.670), history of
previous mental health problem (AOR=2.05; 95% CI: 1.004-4.179) and history of chronic
medical problems (AOR=3.57; 95% CI: 1.515-8.693) were important factors significantly
associated with ADHD.
Conclusion: Of children aged 6 to 16 years old, 13.7% have ADHD. The prevalence was high in
this study that shows ADHD is significant public health issue that requires a great emphasis. So,
early screening and intervention for ADHD should be integrated in primary health care and child
care service settings.
Key Words: Inattention, Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Combined type of ADHD and Stressful life
evens
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Keywords
Inattention, Hyperactivity-Impulsivity, Combined type of ADHD and Stressful life evens