Comparison of Diagnostic Efficacy of Blocking Elisa with Competitive Elisa for the Detection of Peste Des Petits Ruminants Virus Antibodies in Ruminants and Camels Sera in Ethiopia
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Date
2020-06
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Abstract
A Peste des petits ruminant (PPR) is one of the top hindrance to small ruminants
production. To facilitate the global effort to eradicate PPR, sufficient, reliable, fast and cost
effective screening tests are important. This study compares the diagnostic performance of
two anti-PPRV antibodies detection methods namely: ID Screen® PPR Competition
ELISA (ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA) and Haemagglutinin based PPR blocking ELISA
(HPPR b-ELISA®) kits using 480 sera collected from goats, sheep, cattle and camels. The
results of the two tests were validated against virus neutralization test (VNT). The
agreements between the tests were determined using Cohen’s Kappa statistics and two-way
contingency table. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of HPPR b-ELISA® test were
79.55 and 99.74%, respectively relative to the ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA with almost
perfect agreement (=0.86) between the two tests. Conversely, the diagnostic sensitivity
and specificity of ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA relative to HPPR b-ELISA® were 98.59 and
95.60%, respectively. There was almost perfect agreement between the two tests in goats
(=0.82) and sheep (=0.98), while the agreement was substantial in cattle (=0.78).
However, there was no agreement between HPPR b-ELISA® and ID Screen® PPR cxiii
ELISA in detecting antibodies against PPRV in camels’ sera (=0.00). On the other hand,
the results of the two tests were validated against VNT. The HPPR b-ELISA® test had a
diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 80 and 96.36%, respectively compared to VNT
with substantial agreement. The agreements were almost perfect in goats (=0.83) and
sheep (=0.89), moderate in cattle (=0.50) and none in camels (=0.00). The sensitivity
and specificity of ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA relative to VNT were 92.00 and 76.36%,
respectively. The ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA test had substantial agreement in goats
(=0.69) and sheep (=0.78), fair agreement in cattle (=0.30) and no agreement in camels
(=0.00) in detecting specific antibodies directed against PPRV relative to VNT. The
HPPR b-ELISA® test was shown to be a good screening test to be used alone or in
combination with ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA test for PPR serological surveys or
monitoring in ruminants. Based on these results it can be concluded that the serology based
on both tests represents a reliable and valid method for detection of anti-PPRV antibodies
in ruminants, however, the use of ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA and HPPR b-ELISA® tests in
detection of anti-PPRV antibodies in camels’ sera requires further investigation. Findings
suggest that the newly developed HPPR b-ELISA® is suitable for screening of antibodies
against PPRV in ruminants.
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Keywords
Antibodies, Camels, Comparison, ID Screen® PPR c-ELISA, HPPR b- ELISA®, Peste des petits ruminants, Ruminants