Lesion Characterization, Bacterial Isolation and Viral Detection From Respiratory Tract of Dromedary Camels Slaughtered at Addis Ababa Akaki Municipal Abattoir, Ethiopia
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2015-06
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Addis Ababauniversity
Abstract
This study was carried out with the aim of lesions characterization, bacterial isolation and identification and viral detection from lesions of respiratory system of dromedary camels slaughtered at Addis Ababa Akaki Abattoir from December 2014 to April 2015. A total of 207 camels were inspected during the study period. Of the lungs inspected, 53 (25.6%) had one or more gross lesions. Interstitial pneumonia 17 (8.2%), pulmonary emphysema 12 (5.8%), bronchopneumonia 11 (5.3%) and atelectasis 5 (2.4%) were among the most
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frequently detected pulmonary lesions. The difference of gross lesions frequency and distribution was not statistically significant (P>0.05) between male and female camels. However, gross lesions frequency and distribution significantly varied (P<0.05) among different age groups, lung lobes and between right and left lungs. Histologically interstitial pneumonia was characterized by thickening of intra alveolar septae; congested interstitial capillaries and interstitial infiltrations by lymphocytes and other mononuclear cells and suppurative bronchopneumonia by bronchiolar wall and peribronchiolar infiltration with inflammatory cells particularly neutrophils. Whereas, distended alveoli and collapsed alveoli were seen in tissue sections of pulmonary emphysema and atelectasis, respectively. From 53 lungs with gross lesions bacterial isolation and identification was made. A total of 70 bacterial isolates were detected on sheep blood agar plates from 50 (94.3%) of the processed lung tissues. Rhodococcus equi (20%), Aeromonas hydrophila (12.9%), Coagulase negative staphylococci (11.4%), Actinobacillus spp. (10%), Bacillus spp. (10%), Corynebacterium spp. (8.6%) Escherichia coli (7.1%) and Pasteurella spp. (5.7%) were among the major bacterial isolates. Besides, 25 lung samples with gross lesions were processed for viral propagation in tissue culture; 10/25 (40%) of them exhibited morphologic alterations (CPE) on VERO cell monolayer. The presence of virus in the samples was evidenced by rounding, sloughing and aggregation of infected VERO cells. The result of this study highlights that pulmonary lesions could be detected from camels that apparently looked healthy harbouring a number of pathogenic organisms in the lesions. Hence, further study should be conducted on the camels’ respiratory diseases and lesions.
Key words: Bacteria, Camel, Ethiopia, Histopathology, Pulmonary lesion, Virus
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Keywords
Bacteria, Camel, Ethiopia, Histopathology, Pulmonary lesion, Virus