Assesment of Gestational Weight Gain and Associated Factors Among Hiv Negative and Hiv Positive Women in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2017
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Date
2017-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background: Gestational weight gain (GWG) is increase in weight of pregnant women from
conception to delivery. It is an important factor that supports optimal outcome for mothers and
their infant. The risk of inadequate GWG among HIV positive women is higher as HIV increases
both energy requirements and the risk of under nutrition. Nonetheless, comparative data on
gestational weight gain and its determinants among HIV negatives and HIVpositives are scarce.
Objective: The objective of this study was to assess and compare gestational weight gain and its
associated factors among HIV positive and HIV negative women in Addis Ababa.2017
Methods: Institutional based comparative cross-sectional study wasemployed from April 2 –
March 31, 2017 GC in Addis Ababa Ethiopia.558 study participants (372 HIV negative and 186
HIV positive women) were selected.Data was entered into Epi Data version 3.1 and exported to
SPSS version 22 for analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regressions used to identify associated
factors with the outcome variable. Texts, tables and graphs were used for descriptive statics.
Results: overall 549 eligible women participated in the study making 98.4% response rate. The
study finding reviled that the prevalence of GWG among HIV negative and HIV positive women
is low (30.7% and 26% respectively). This difference has no statically significance in chi-square
analysis. Factors associated with GWG among HIV negative women are family monthlyincome
in USD [AOR=4.35,95% CI(1.75-10.7)],Knowledge of fruits are main food type
[AOR=2.84,95% CI(1.5-7.6)], hours engaged in typical activity for less than two hours and for
three to four hours in typical day [AOR=1.32, 95% CI (1.06-3.49)],[AOR=4.65, 95% CI (1.76-
12.29)] and early pregnancy BMI [AOR=13.9,CI 95% (4.26-45.87)] while women who had no
formal education[AOR=3.16 95% CI=(1.25-8.86)] andwomen whose family monthly income
was less than 50USD. [AOR=3.91, 95% CI=(1.02-15.2)] were the associated factors to GWG
among HIV positive women.
Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of adequate GWG among HIV negative
and HIV positive women is low, the probability of adequate GWG among HIV positive women
is much lower. Associated factors among the two groups are different with the exception of
monthly income. So the two groups should be treated differently and different measures should
be taken in order to increase the prevalence of adequate GWG according to IOM.
Key words: Gestational weight gain, HIV, Pregnancy
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Keywords
Gestational weight gain, HIV, Pregnancy