Antifungal Natural Products Against two Plant Diseases: Root Rot/Wilt of Faba Bean and Late Blight of Potato
| dc.contributor.advisor | Dagne Ermias (Professor) | |
| dc.contributor.advisor | Alemu Melaku (PhD) | |
| dc.contributor.author | Gashu Minbale | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2019-10-07T08:02:11Z | |
| dc.date.accessioned | 2023-11-09T16:18:34Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2019-10-07T08:02:11Z | |
| dc.date.available | 2023-11-09T16:18:34Z | |
| dc.date.issued | 2018-08-04 | |
| dc.description.abstract | In Ethiopiafaba bean and potato are two important crops for food security and nutrition. Root rot/wilt is a notorious fungal disease of faba bean caused by Fusarium spp., while late blight is a potato disease due to attack by the fungus Phytophtra infestans. These two diseases cause from time to time severe crop losses. Hence it is important to control growth and spread of these fungal diseases.It is well known that although the use of synthetic fungicides contributes to enhance crop yield, toxic residues in treated crops cause environmental and health problems. Therefore, the search for eco-friendly plant-based antifungal agents is a worthwhile strategy. In this work, thetwo pathogenic fungi were isolated from diseased parts of crops, identified and maintained with periodic sub-culturing in Potato Dextrose Agar.In this studyfifty seven ethanol extracts of different plants were screened for their antifungal activity using optimized food poisoning technique. Dimethylsulfoxide (5% aq) and 0.5% Mancolaxyl were used as vehicle and standard, respectively. The standard fungicide showed respective growth inhibition percentage (%GI) of 68 and 88 against F. spp.and P. infestans at a concentration of 5 mg/mL. Bioactivity of screened plant extractswas classified into high, moderate and inactive by taking the minimum %GI of the standard (68%) as reference. Of these extracts, Inula confertiflora (69/78%), Echinops kebericho(73/80%) and Artemisia annua(71/73%) showed higher %GI in the control of F. spp./ P. infestans, respectively. The nonpolar portions were found comparable with that of the reference in inhibiting mycelial growth of tested fungi relative to their polar counterparts. The active compounds were isolated and characterized. In the bioassay study dehydrocostus lactone, carabrone, graveolide, carpesiolin and artemisinin demonstrated significant inhibition on the growth of tested fungi. | en_US |
| dc.identifier.uri | http://etd.aau.edu.et/handle/12345678/19320 | |
| dc.language.iso | en | en_US |
| dc.publisher | Addis Ababa University | en_US |
| dc.subject | Antifungal | en_US |
| dc.subject | Natural Products | en_US |
| dc.subject | Against two Plant Diseases | en_US |
| dc.subject | Root Rot/Wilt | en_US |
| dc.subject | Faba Bean | en_US |
| dc.subject | Blight of Potato | en_US |
| dc.title | Antifungal Natural Products Against two Plant Diseases: Root Rot/Wilt of Faba Bean and Late Blight of Potato | en_US |
| dc.type | Thesis | en_US |