Transient Computational Model of Ice Slab Formation Using Solar PV System for Milk Cooling
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Date
2020-07
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Most of the Ethiopian people living around remote areas, their special daily needs are milk
and milk products which needs preservation to keep from bacteria, germs and other small
organisms. In case of Ethiopia specifically around rural areas using electricity are very rare
due to less availability of electricity around there to cool domestic needs. For this reason,
other alternative energy sources are needed which is solar PV ice formation system without
battery due to its inexhaustible, renewable and non-pollutant energy sources. This research
were studied to cool 50 litre of milk initially at a temperature of 4℃ during night by
substituting 8.5 kilogram of slab ice to replace the amount of heat leak through the milk
tank wall. Thus, in this study the mathematical model of phase change material
solidification and melting by using transient explicit conduction type heat transfer equation
was modeled. By using these mathematical equation the nodal temperature variation and
ice crystal growth were simulated using Matlab algorism. And also the performance of ice
formation at the specific location of Semera was studied using Matlab algorism. From the
result, highly performed months of a year which forms required 0.04 meter ice crystal
before 3PM and others form 0.037 meter ice crystal around 4PM. The result was also
validated through comparison with other experimental result by considering the presence
of solar radiation difference. The result is satisfied with small variation due to different
solar radiation of the location. The system has the complete solution for making ice cold
storage facilities in off grid areas and gives an environment friendly solution of the faced
problem
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Keywords
Solar PV System, Ice Slab Formation, Computational Model, Milk Cooling