Prevalence and Predictors of Hypoglycemia among Neonates on Admission to NICU in Addis Ababa Public Hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2021.
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Date
2021-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: Hypoglycemia is one of the most common and preventable metabolic problemsseen in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). It occurs in 1.3-4.4 per 1000 full- tern newbornand 15-55per 1000 preterm newborns. Studying the prevalence and predictors related withneonatal hypoglycemia, may help in preventing morbidity, serious neurological complicationsand mortality due to hypoglycemia.
Objective: This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictors of hypoglycemia amongneonates on admission to NICU in selected public hospitals, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 2021.
Method: Institutional based cross-sectional study was carried out among 317 neonatesadmitted to neonatal intensive care units in selected public hospitals Addis Ababa .The studyparticipants were selected by systematic random sampling method. Data was collected fromFebruary 20/2021 - April 20/2021. Data was collected with a checklist, neonatal chart review,and blood glucose level was checked by pricking the neonate’s heel. A glucometer with a teststrip was used to check blood glucose. A blood glucose level < 40mg/dl was taken as a cut-offpoint to define hypoglycemia for newborn. Then the collected data was coded and entered in toEpi data of version 4.6 and exported to SPSS for windows version 26.0 for cleaning, editing,and analysis. Binary and multiple logistic regressions have been used to observe theassociation between independent variables and dependent variable.
Results: The prevalence of hypoglycemia among public hospitals was 20.8 %. Maternal DM,gestational (AOR=5.16, 95% CI; 1.23-21.64) and pre-gestational DM (AOR =7.79, 95%CI:1.14-53.03), and preeclampsia (AOR=2.44, 95% CI; 1.10-5.38), feeding initiation time lessthan one hour [AOR=0.38, 95% CI: 0.15-0.96] shows association to hypoglycemia.
Conclusion: The result of this study showed that maternal DM (pre-existing and gestational) and preeclampsia were more likely associated with hypoglycemia, whereas feeding initiation timewithin one hour was protective effect to hypoglycemia. Therefore early initiation of feeding isimportant factor to prevent hypoglycemia for all newborns.
Recommendation: Health education on preventive measures is very essential for parents and caregivers.
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Keywords
Hypoglycemia, Predictors, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Addis Ababa