Magnitude of Perinatal Asphyxia and Associated Factor among Neonates Admitted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Worabe Comprehensive Specialized Hospital South Ethiopia, 2020.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Background: World Health Organization (WHO) defines birth asphyxia as failure to initiateand sustain breathing during birth. Apgar score is 0-3 for longer than 5 minute lead todeveloping multisystem organ dysfunction including cardiovascular, neurological,gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and renal system. The aim of this study is to Asses magnitude ofprenatal asphyxia and associated factors in admitted neonates at NICU of WorabeComprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1/2016 to December 31/2019, Silete zone,South Ethiopia 2020. Facility based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted fromMarch to April 2020 (by reviewing neonates chart from January1/2016 to December31/2019). Data was collected through record review using pre-tested structured check lists.Systematic sampling technique was used. The data was entered into statistical software Epidataversion 3.1 up on creating the questionnaire template in the QES file of the softwareFactors associated with perinatal asphyxia among admitted neonates were determined usingbivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Statistically significant associationswere declared at P<=0.05. Permission secured at all level. Pre-test was conducted on 5% ofsample before the starting of actual data. The collected data checked daily for completenessand no personal identifiers were used on data collection form. The result of this study showsmedical records of 311 neonates were reviewed to give prevalence rate of 41.2%.85 (66.4%)of male and43 (33.59%) of female were developed perinatal asphyxia. Preeclampsia duringpregnancy (AOR= 6.2, 95%CI :3.1- 12.3), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR= 4.5, 95%CI:2.3-8.6), gestational diabetes mellitus (AOR= 4.2, 95%CI:1.9-9.2), premature rapture ofmembrane (AOR= 2.5, 95%CI:1.33-4.7) fetal distress (AOR= 3,95%CI:1.3-7.0) andmeconium stained amniotic fluid(AOR= 7.7, 95%CI : 3.1-19.3) were factor significantlyassociated with perinatal asphyxia. The study conclude that Preeclampsia, antepartumhemorrhage; Gestational diabetes mellitus, premature rapture of membrane; Intra uterinemeconium release and fetal distress during labor were associated factors for perinatalasphyxia. The institution should give emphasis on care of mother and the new born in activelydetecting and managing perinatal asphyxia.
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Keywords
Perinatal asphyxia, magnitude, NICU, associated factor, WCSH.