Magnitude of Perinatal Asphyxia and Associated Factor among Neonates Admitted at Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of Worabe Comprehensive Specialized Hospital South Ethiopia, 2020.
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Date
2020-06
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Addis Abeba University
Abstract
Back ground: World Health Organization (WHO) defines birth asphyxia as failure to initiate
and sustain breathing during birth. Apgar score is 0-3 for longer than 5 minute lead to
developing multisystem organ dysfunction including cardiovascular, neurological,
gastrointestinal, pulmonary, and renal system. The aim of this study is to Asses magnitude of
prenatal asphyxia and associated factors in admitted neonates at NICU of Worabe
Comprehensive Specialized Hospital from January 1/2016 to December 31/2019, Silete zone,
South Ethiopia 2020. Facility based retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted from
March to April 2020 (by reviewing neonates chart from January1/2016 to December
31/2019). Data was collected through record review using pre-tested structured check lists.
Systematic sampling technique was used. The data was entered into statistical software Epidata
version 3.1 up on creating the questionnaire template in the QES file of the software
Factors associated with perinatal asphyxia among admitted neonates were determined using
bivariate and multivariate logistic regression models. Statistically significant associations
were declared at P<=0.05. Permission secured at all level. Pre-test was conducted on 5% of
sample before the starting of actual data. The collected data checked daily for completeness
and no personal identifiers were used on data collection form. The result of this study shows
medical records of 311 neonates were reviewed to give prevalence rate of 41.2%.85 (66.4%)
of male and43 (33.59%) of female were developed perinatal asphyxia. Preeclampsia during
pregnancy (AOR= 6.2, 95%CI :3.1- 12.3), antepartum hemorrhage (AOR= 4.5, 95%CI:2.3-
8.6), gestational diabetes mellitus (AOR= 4.2, 95%CI:1.9-9.2), premature rapture of
membrane (AOR= 2.5, 95%CI:1.33-4.7) fetal distress (AOR= 3,95%CI:1.3-7.0) and
meconium stained amniotic fluid(AOR= 7.7, 95%CI : 3.1-19.3) were factor significantly
associated with perinatal asphyxia. The study conclude that Preeclampsia, antepartum
hemorrhage; Gestational diabetes mellitus, premature rapture of membrane; Intra uterine
meconium release and fetal distress during labor were associated factors for perinatal
asphyxia. The institution should give emphasis on care of mother and the new born in actively
detecting and managing perinatal asphyxia.
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Keywords
Perinatal asphyxia, magnitude, NICU, associated factor, WCSH.