Bacterial Isolates from External Ocular Infections and Their Antibiotic Susceptibility Status Among Patients Visiting Menelik II Referral Hospital,Ethiopia.
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Date
2019-06
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Background:Infection of the external structures of the eye is one of the commonest types of eye disease worldwide including Ethiopia.Generally, infection of the eye can lead loss or impairment of visual function causing major disability. Therefore, prompt isolation and testing susceptibility
of bacterial isolates are necessary for bettertreatment of bacterial ocular infection.
Objective: the aim of this study was to assess the magnitude of bacterial isolates from external ocular infections and their antibiotics susceptibility status among patients visiting ophthalmology unit of Menelik II Referral Hospital, Ethiopia.
Methods: A Hospital based cross sectional prospective study was conducted at the Menelik II Referral Hospital among patients seeking health services at the department of ophthalmology from Januaryto April, 2019. All patients confirmed of external ocular infections were included. External ocular samples were collected using aseptic techniques. All samples were investigated
for the presence of bacterial growth and bacteria were identified using gram stain, colony morphology, and disk sensitivity and biochemical tests. Drug susceptibility test was done using the Kirby-Bauer Disk diffusion method according to the guidelines of clinical and laboratory standard institute (CLSI).
Result:In this study,the magnitudes of bacterial isolates were 175/323 (54.2%. The proportion of gram positive bacterial isilates was 171/184 (92.9%).Coagulase negative staphylococci (CoNS)76/184 (41.3%) were the predominant bacterial isolatefollowed by Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus Viridianand Klebsiella spp., 67/184 (36.4%),16/184 (8.7%) and 6/184 (3.3%) respectively. The dominant clinical feature was Blepharitis accounting 122/323 (37.8%). Gram positive bacterial isolates were susceptible to, Tobramycin, Gentamycin, chloramphenicol, Vancomycin and ceftriaxone. However, 94.0% of these gram positive bacterial pathogens
showed resistance to penicillin. Multidrug resistance (MDR) were observed in gram positive and gram negative bacteria isolates 136/184 (67.4%)and 12/13 (92.1%) respectively.
Conclusion: Blepharitis was the leadingEOI followed by conjunctivitis. The predominant bacteria species was CoNS followed byS. aureus. The higher prevalence of MDR 135/184 (73.4%)and increasing of MRSA23/67 (34.3%) bacterial pathogens dictates the need for continuous surveillance apart from routine antibiotic susceptibility testing.
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Keywords
External ocular infection, Bacterial isolate and Antibiotic susceptibility status