Evaluation of Invivo Wound Healing and Anti-Inflammatory Activity of 80% Methanol Crude Extracts of the Leaves and Fruits of B. Antidysentrica J. F. Mill (Simaroubaceae) In Mice
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Date
2016-12
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Addis Ababa University
Abstract
Introduction: Brucea antidysentrica locally known as “Abalo” is traditionally used to treat conditions like scabies and external parasites, dysentery, gonorrhea, eczema, cancer, malaria, and trypanosomosis among others. The fruits and leaves of B. antidysentrica are also claimed to promote wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities. However, there is no scientific confirmation that substantiates the traditional claims. Objective: to evaluate the wound healing and anti-inflammatory activities of both fruits and leaves extracts of B. antidysentrica in mice model. Materials and methods: Mice were used for wound healing and anti-inflammatory studies, while rats were used for skin irritation test. For studying healing activity, 80% methanolic extracts of the leaves and fruits were formulated in strength of 2% and 4% and 1% and 2% as ointment base respectively for topical applications of excision and incision wound models. The negative controls were treated with simple ointment while positive controls with nitrofurazone (0.2%) skin ointment. Extract solutions of the leaves and fruits in 2% Tween 80 at a dose of 100 mg/kg, 200 mg/kg and 400 mg/Kg body weight were used for anti-inflammatory activity tests orally against the inflammation produced by carrageenan injection. Negative controls for anti-inflammatory test were treated with 2% Tween80 and the positive controls with Indomethacin 10mg/kg. Parameters, including rate of wound contraction, period of complete epithelialization, skin breaking strength and edema inhibition were evaluated.
Results: On the last day of treatment, 80% methanol fruits and leaves extracts showed a significant wound healing activity in strengths of 2% compared with negative control as evidenced by an increase in % wound contraction (p < 0.01) and a decrease in epithelization period (p<0.05). The 4% MLE also showed the highest % wound contraction (P<0.001) and the
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shortest epithelialization period than the rest of the extracts (P<0.01). One percent MFE was found to increase the % wound contraction significantly on the last day of treatment (P<0.01) and its effect on the epithelialization period was insignificant. In the incision wound model, both 2% and 4% extract ointments of the leaves and only the 2% MFE resulted in a significant increase in tensile strength (p < 0.01) compared with negative control. The same extracts also revealed a significant anti-inflammatory effect compared with negative control particularly 3 to 4 h after extract administration as shown by a decrease in edema expressed as % reduction of edema. All doses of the leaves extract exhibited a higher effect on the 3rd (P<0.05) and the 4thh (P<0.001) compared to the negative control. Similar effect was also found for the 200mg/kg and 400mg/kg doses of the fruits extract, while its 100mg/kg dose reduced the edema significantly on the 4th h (P<0.001). Conclusion: The 80% methanol extracts of the fruits and leaves of B. antidysentrica supports the traditional claims for healing of wounds as evidenced by an increase in wound contraction rate and tensile strength, decrease in epithelization period and anti-inflammatory activity. Key words: wound healing, anti-inflammatory, excision, incision, carrageenan induced paw edema, Brucea antidysentrica.
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Keywords
Wound healing, Anti-inflammatory